Surface modification of PCL‐TCP scaffolds in rabbit calvaria defects: Evaluation of scaffold degradation profile, biomechanical properties and bone healing patterns

Yeo, Allen; Wong, W. J.; Teoh, Swee‐Hin

doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32633

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This evolution pattern was also observed in other experimental in vivo studies 18,27 and pointed out in a recent review on critical size calvarial defects in rats 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Paired evaluation of calvarial reconstruction with prototyped titanium implants with and without ceramic coating

et al. 2014

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PURPOSE:To investigate the osseointegration properties of prototyped implants with tridimensionally interconnected pores made of the Ti 6 Al 4 V alloy and the influence of a thin calcium phosphate coating. METHODS:Bilateral critical size calvarial defects were created in thirty Wistar rats and filled with coated and uncoated implants in a randomized fashion. The animals were kept for 15, 45 and 90 days. Implant mechanical integration was evaluated with a push-out test.Bone-implant interface was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS:The maximum force to produce initial displacement of the implants increased during the study period, reaching values around 100N for both types of implants. Intimate contact between bone and implant was present, with progressive bone growth into the pores. No significant differences were seen between coated and uncoated implants. CONCLUSION:Adequate osseointegration can be achieved in calvarial reconstructions using prototyped Ti 6 Al 4 V Implants with the described characteristics of surface and porosity.

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“…This evolution pattern was also observed in other experimental in vivo studies 18,27 and pointed out in a recent review on critical size calvarial defects in rats 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Paired evaluation of calvarial reconstruction with prototyped titanium implants with and without ceramic coating

et al. 2014

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“…The amount of new bone formation ranged from 1.2% for medical grade polycaprolactone [45] to 16.0% for TyrPC [43], 25.1% for PGLA [40], and 32.0–34.9% for composites made of PLGA/TCP or polycaprolactone-TCP [40, 41]. Biologization of medical grade polycaprolactone scaffolds with bone marrow or osteoblasts increased the bone volume up to 12.5% or 14.1% [45] but never reached the amount of new bone formation in the present study (43.3% for PCL noncoated and 47.1% for PCL coll I/cs coated).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECM Inspired Coating of Embroidered 3D Scaffolds Enhances Calvaria Bone Regeneration

Rentsch

Rentsch²,

Heinemann

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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Resorbable polymeric implants and surface coatings are an emerging technology to treat bone defects and increase bone formation. This approach is of special interest in anatomical regions like the calvaria since adults lose the capacity to heal large calvarial defects. The present study assesses the potential of extracellular matrix inspired, embroidered polycaprolactone-co-lactide (PCL) scaffolds for the treatment of 13 mm full thickness calvarial bone defects in rabbits. Moreover the influence of a collagen/chondroitin sulfate (coll I/cs) coating of PCL scaffolds was evaluated. Defect areas filled with autologous bone and empty defects served as reference. The healing process was monitored over 6 months by combining a novel ultrasonographic method, radiographic imaging, biomechanical testing, and histology. The PCL coll I/cs treated group reached 68% new bone volume compared to the autologous group (100%) and the biomechanical stability of the defect area was similar to that of the gold standard. Histological investigations revealed a significantly more homogenous bone distribution over the whole defect area in the PCL coll I/cs group compared to the noncoated group. The bioactive, coll I/cs coated, highly porous, 3-dimensional PCL scaffold acted as a guide rail for new skull bone formation along and into the implant.

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“…The proximal and distal ends of the ROI were defined using the K‐wires anchoring the femur to the fixation plate as landmarks. Thresholds to differentiate between mineralized and unmineralized tissues and the PCL/β‐TCP scaffolds were determined, as previously reported . Mineralized bone tissue was defined by a lower threshold of 550 and an upper threshold of 2000 for all samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical induced membrane model to evaluate synthetic implants for healing critical bone defects without autograft

DeBaun

Stahl

Daoud

et al. 2018

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Critical bone defects pose a formidable orthopaedic problem in patients with bone loss. We developed a preclinical model based on the induced membrane technique using a synthetic graft to replace autograft for healing critical bone defects. Additionally, we used a novel osteoconductive scaffold coupled with a synthetic membrane to evaluate the potential for single‐stage bone regeneration. Three experimental conditions were investigated in critical femoral defects in rats. Group A underwent a two‐stage procedure with insertion of a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) spacer followed by replacement with a 3D printed polycaprolactone(PCL)/β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) osteoconductive scaffold after 4 weeks. Group B received a single‐stage PCL/β‐TCP scaffold wrapped in a PCL‐based microporous polymer film creating a synthetic membrane. Group C received a single‐stage bare PCL/β‐TCP scaffold. All groups were examined by serial radiographs for callus formation. After 12 weeks, the femurs were explanted and analyzed with micro‐CT and histology. Mean callus scores tended to be higher in Group A. Group A showed statistically significant greater bone formation on micro‐CT compared with other groups, although bone volume fraction was similar between groups. Histology results suggested extensive bone ingrowth and new bone formation within the macroporous scaffolds in all groups and cell infiltration into the microporous synthetic membrane. This study supports the use of a critical size femoral defect in rats as a suitable model for investigating modifications to the induced membrane technique without autograft harvest. Future investigations should focus on bioactive synthetic membranes coupled with growth factors for single‐stage bone healing. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res

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Surface modification of PCL‐TCP scaffolds in rabbit calvaria defects: Evaluation of scaffold degradation profile, biomechanical properties and bone healing patterns

Cited by 74 publications

References 35 publications

Paired evaluation of calvarial reconstruction with prototyped titanium implants with and without ceramic coating

Paired evaluation of calvarial reconstruction with prototyped titanium implants with and without ceramic coating

ECM Inspired Coating of Embroidered 3D Scaffolds Enhances Calvaria Bone Regeneration

Preclinical induced membrane model to evaluate synthetic implants for healing critical bone defects without autograft

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