Surface modification of halogenated polymers. 9. Etching of polytetrafluoroethylene with the scanning electrochemical microscope

Scanning electrochemical microscopy in the 21st century

“…Moreover, since the substrate was maintained at a more negative potential, no copper oxidation occurred far from the tip. An in situ formation of conductive domains by electroreduction and local metallization of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was discussed in a series of reports by Combellas et al 143 The authors carried out both steady-state and transient SECM experiments to investigate the kinetics of PTFE carbonization and concluded that the propagation of the conductive PTFE zone is governed by an in-depth diffusive process.…”

Control of locally deposited gold nanoparticle on polyaniline films

“…Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) [25] enables local surface modification upon generating a flux of electroactive species [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. This allows electroless deposition of metals on conducting and insulating surfaces [35,36].…”

Immobilization of Magnetic Nanoparticles onto Conductive Surfaces Modified by Diazonium Chemistry

“…The measurement then consisted of characterizing a few mm 2 of the substrate. The parallel positioning and approach curves were obtained using a 5 mM solution of a redox mediator (Fe(CN) 6 4– , 4K + ) with 0.1 M KCl in water, as reported elsewhere . The determination of the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants to a redox probe through the modified electrode surfaces was obtained from kinetics measurements by cyclic voltammetry or SECM.…”

“…The parallel positioning and approach curves were obtained using a 5 mM solution of a redox mediator (Fe(CN) 6 4− , 4K + ) with 0.1 M KCl in water, as reported elsewhere. 46 The determination of the apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants to a redox probe through the modified electrode surfaces was obtained from kinetics measurements by cyclic voltammetry or SECM. By SECM, it consists of fitting the experimental approach curves at the unbiased substrate (tip current variations with the tip−substrate separation distance) with available analytical expressions.…”