Surface modification of carbon fuels for direct carbon fuel cells

Li, Xiang; Zhu, Zhonghua; Chen, Jiulling; Dicks, Andrew; Bradley, John L.; Lu, Gao Qing

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.09.070

Cited by 139 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From the XPS results, the Adaro char has the highest surface oxygen content, while the Openblue char shows the lowest value. In spite of the insufficiency of the carbon concentration, the higher oxygen to carbon rate of Adaro char promote the electrochemical reactions [8]- [11]. Since Openblue char had low amount of oxygen, the potential cannot be maintained at the high current density which requires a lot of electron transfer.…”

Section: The Effect Of Fuel Properties On Electrochemical Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering CO production, the alternative electrochemical mechanism was proposed at high temperature in molten carbonate [8].…”

Section: Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vutetakis et al [5] studied the electrochemical reactions according the coal types and the operating conditions. Li et al [6]- [8] investigated the impact of fuels characteristics on the DCFC performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Coal Gases on Electrochemical Reactions in the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell System

Eom¹,

Ahn²,

Rhie³

et al. 2015

JOCET

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Abstract-Various carbonaceous fuels were evaluated in a Direct Carbon Fuel Cell (DCFC) system as energy sources. In order to investigate the characteristics of electrochemical reaction of various fuels in DCFC, three coals, such as Shenhua coal, Adaro coal, and Openblue coal which have different content of fixed carbon and volatile matter, were selected in this research. The characteristics of electrochemical reactions of fuels were investigated at 700℃ by potentiostatic method of the fuel cell and the effect of fuels properties is also discussed. The effect of gases from coals was investigated by using raw coal state and char state in present work. The gases, such as H 2 , CH 4 , CO and CO 2 , were detected in the exhaust gas of anode side by thermal decomposition of coal. It is confirmed that these gases have an effect on the electrochemical reaction on DCFC system by comparing of current density of raw coal and char.

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Section: The Effect Of Fuel Properties On Electrochemical Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering CO production, the alternative electrochemical mechanism was proposed at high temperature in molten carbonate [8].…”

Section: Fuel Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Coal Gases on Electrochemical Reactions in the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell System

Eom¹,

Ahn²,

Rhie³

et al. 2015

JOCET

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As part of the SECA program, there has been significant effort in the USA, developing an integrated coal gasification solid oxide fuel cell system [41]. A number of detailed system modelling studies have shown that, in principle, it is possible to achieve an overall system efficiency of over 45% for an atmospheric pressure coal gasification fuel cell system and around 60% for a pressurized system both without CO 2 capture [42].…”

Section: Competing Technologies Significant Issues and Future Directmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Challenges in the Direct Carbon Fuel Cell Technology

Chen

Gao

Long

et al. 2015

ILCPA

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Fuel cells are under development for a range of applications for transport, stationary and portable power appliances. Fuel cell technology has advanced to the stage where commercial field trials for both transport and stationary applications are in progress. Direct Carbon Fuel Cells (DCFC) utilize solid carbon as the fuel and have historically attracted less investment than other types of gas or liquid fed fuel cells. However, volatility in gas and oil commodity prices and the increasing concern about the environmental impact of burning heavy fossil fuels for power generation has led to DCFCs gaining more attention within the global study community. A DCFC converts the chemical energy in solid carbon directly into electricity through its direct electrochemical oxidation. The fuel utilization can be almost 100% as the fuel feed and product gases are distinct phases and thus can be easily separated. This is not the case with other fuel cell types for which the fuel utilization within the cell is typically limited to below 85%. The theoretical efficiency is also high, around 100%. The combination of these two factors, lead to the projected electric efficiency of DCFC approaching 80% -approximately twice the efficiency of current generation coal fired power plants, thus leading to a 50% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. The amount of CO 2 for storage/sequestration is also halved. Moreover, the exit gas is an almost pure CO 2 stream, requiring little or no gas separation before compression for sequestration. Therefore, the energy and cost penalties to capture the CO 2 will also be significantly less than for other technologies. Furthermore, a variety of abundant fuels such as coal, coke, tar, biomass and organic waste can be used. Despite these advantages, the technology is at an early stage of development requiring solutions to many complex challenges related to materials degradation, fuel delivery, reaction kinetics, stack fabrication and system design, before it can be considered for commercialization. This paper, following a brief introduction to other fuel cells, reviews in detail the current status of the direct carbon fuel cell technology, recent progress, technical challenges and discusses the future of the technology.

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“…A DCFC can use the existing electrolyte mixture commonly used in molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) systems [1]. A performance improvement could be attained by means of better contact between the coal particles, electrolyte mixture and anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%