Surface modification for nano‐lignocellulose fiber through vapor‐phase‐assisted surface polymerization

Abstract

This study addresses the inherent issues surrounding surface modification methods of nanofibers and proposes an environmentally friendly and less toxic strategy for the surface modification of hydrophilic nanofiber. From the continuation of our previous work, which discussed the easy production of nanofiber (average size: 127 nm) from oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF), in this work, the surface of nanofibers (M‐IL‐OPMF) were modified through vapor‐phase‐assisted surface polymerization (VASP) to improve the affinity of interface between the polymer grafted M‐IL‐OPMF and non‐polar matrix. VASP of ε‐caprolactone was successfully proceeded from the [M‐IL‐OPMF] at 70 °C for 24 h and 72 h, and compositions were estimated to be 35.7% fiber/64.3% polymer and 27.8% fiber/72.2% polymer. To confirm the grafting of PCL, size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetry (TG), and dispersibility test in hydrophobic solvent were carried out. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019, 57, 2575–2580

The Relationship between Crystal Structure and Mechanical Performance for Fabrication of Regenerated Cellulose Film through Coagulation Conditions

“…It has also been reported that the solubility of cellulose in LiOH-urea aqueous solution is higher than that of NaOH-urea solution [32]. In alkali-urea aqueous solution, after 15 N and 23 Na NMR measurements were clarified, adding urea can effectively improve the stability of the alkali-cellulose complex, owing to the strong interaction between alkali hydroxides and urea, and low temperature can accelerate the breakdown of intermolecular hydrogen bonding among cellulose and, thus, prevent the agglomeration of alkali-urea-cellulose inclusion complexes [33].…”

“…However, these polymers have limited thermal stability, mechanical strength, and low degradation rate [10][11][12]. In addition to biodegradable polymers, polymer materials filled with lignocellulosic materials as renewable reinforcements have also been studied extensively [13][14][15][16][17]. Despite the significant advantages of lignocellulosic materials as filler, these polymer composites cannot still be considered sustainable materials.…”

Hydrophobic and lipophilic cellulose nanocrystal aerogel prepared by methyltrichlorosilane via vapor‐phase reaction

“…13 The vaporphase reaction takes place on the gas-solid interface, which provides a higher grafting rate when compared to the commonly used liquid process. 14 Cervin et al 4 and Rafieian et al 2 prepared hydrophobic CNF aerogel via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and octyltrichlorosilane, respectively. And the modified aerogel exhibited excellent hydrophobic and lipophilic properties.…”

“…Additionally, the presence of water could be excluded so the self‐condensation and the hydrolysis reactions of silanes encountered in the liquid phase could significantly be reduced 13 . The vapor‐phase reaction takes place on the gas–solid interface, which provides a higher grafting rate when compared to the commonly used liquid process 14 . Cervin et al 4 and Rafieian et al 2 prepared hydrophobic CNF aerogel via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using hexadecyltrimethoxysilane and octyltrichlorosilane, respectively.…”

Designing Approach of Fiber‐Reinforced Polymer Composite by Combination of Fibrillated Olive Pomace and Marble Powder

“…[3] The use of industrial wastes in polymer composites can reduce the consumption of petroleum-based plastics and energy used during the processing of raw materials. In addition, it is possible to enhance mechanical properties through optimization of interface adhesion between matrix and additives, [4,5] and to introduce additional functionality according to the structure and properties of solid wastes. Up to now, various industrial wastes and byproducts have been utilized as fillers in polymer composites.…”