Surface magnetization in non-doped ZnO nanostructures

Schoenhalz, Aline L.; Arantes, Jeverson T.; Fazzio, A.; Dalpian, Gustavo M.

doi:10.1063/1.3119640

Cited by 78 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The six oxygen atoms contribute, but the two times coordinated oxygen atoms exhibit larger magnetic moments, while the closest zinc and oxygen atom neighbors contribute in a minor quantity. Dalpian et al have proposed that magnetism in non-doped ZnO systems arise from a delocalized surface state [16]. In agreement with their work, we find that the magnetic state is found at the surface, and that is only found when there is some kind of order inside the cluster.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The magnetism of these systems has been attributed to oxygen vacancies, zinc vacancies, intrinsic defects and interstitials. Of particular relevance to this work, Dalpian and co-workers have recently studied the magnetic properties of non-doped ZnO clusters, and claim that ferromagnetism should be mediated through extended surface states, since no single kind of defect is found to be responsible of the obtained magnetic moment [16]. Also, Coey et al suggest a chargetransfer mechanism from the core of the nanocrystal to its surface to explain ferromagnetism in oxide nanoparticles [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Effect of impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanostructures

Botello-Méndez

López–Urías

Terrones

et al. 2010

Chemical Physics Letters

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effect of impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanostructures

Botello-Méndez

López–Urías

Terrones

et al. 2010

Chemical Physics Letters

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“…12 In addition, there are several calculations that suggest that ZnO nanocluster may be ferromagnetic without TM dopants. Schoenhalz et al 13 have proposed that the surface states promoted by extended defects ͑e.g., grain boundaries͒ may play an important role in mediating ferromagnetic interaction in such materials. A recent firstprinciples study of ZnO nanostructures coated with ligands containing N and S also reported FM due to the redistribution of charge promoted by ligand capping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic structure and magnetism of transition metal doped Zn12O12 clusters: Role of defects

Ganguli

Dasgupta

Sanyal

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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Impacts of enhanced electronic correlation in anion p-orbitals on electronic structure and magnetic properties of nitrogen or carbon doped zinc oxide J. Appl. Phys. 111, 07E313 (2012) Magneto-optical spectrum of ZnO nanorods J. Appl. Phys. 111, 044305 (2012) First-principles study on electronic structures and magnetic properties of AlN nanosheets and nanoribbons J. Appl. Phys. 111, 043702 (2012) p-f hybridization in the ferromagnetic semiconductor HoN Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 072108 (2012) Visible light photocatalysis of single-walled (Zn4/6Cu2/6O)3/(Zn5/6Cu1/6O)3 superlattice nanotube for redox reaction of water calculated by generalized gradient approximations with the Hubbard U model J. Appl. Phys. 111, 034318 (2012) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. We present a comprehensive study of the energetics and magnetic properties of ZnO clusters doped with 3d transition metals ͑TMs͒ using ab initio density functional calculations in the framework of generalized gradient approximation+ Hubbard U ͑GGA+ U͒ method. Our results within GGA+ U for all 3d dopants except Ti indicate that antiferromagnetic interaction dominates in a neutral, defect-free cluster. Formation energies are calculated to identify the stable defects in the ZnO cluster. We have analyzed in details the role of these defects to stabilize ferromagnetism when the cluster is doped with Mn, Fe, and Co. Our calculations reveal that in the presence of charged defects the TM atoms residing at the surface of the cluster may have an unusual oxidation state, that plays an important role to render the cluster ferromagnetic. Defect induced magnetism in ZnO clusters without any TM dopants is also analyzed. These results on ZnO clusters may have significant contributions in the nanoengineering of defects to achieve desired ferromagnetic properties for spintronic applications.

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“…More recently, nanoparticles have received attention with articles showing pure oxides [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] or oxides coated with thiols or amines [20][21][22] to display ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. However, there is a mixture of techniques employed to produce the particles which could result in changes in stoichiometry, morphology and/or structure of the nanoparticles that may affect the observed magnetic behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetism of ZnO nanoparticles: Dependence on crystallite size and surfactant coating

Thurber

Beausoleil

Alanko

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Many recent reports on magnetism in otherwise nonmagnetic oxides have demonstrated that nanoparticle size, surfactant coating, or doping with magnetic ions produces room-temperature ferromagnetism. Specifically, ZnO has been argued to be a room-temperature ferromagnet through all three of these methods in various experimental studies. For this reason, we have prepared a series of 1% Fe doped ZnO nanoparticle samples using a single forced hydrolysis co-precipitation synthesis method from the same precursors, while varying size (6 -15 nm) and surface coating concentration to study the combined effects of these two parameters. Size was controlled by modifying the water concentration. Surfactant coating was adjusted by varying the concentration of poly acrylic acid (PAA) in solution. Samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, optical absorptance spectroscopy, and magnetometry. No clear systematic effect on magnetization was observed as a function of surfactant coating, while evidence for a direct dependence of magnetization on the crystallite size is apparent.

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Surface magnetization in non-doped ZnO nanostructures

Cited by 78 publications

References 25 publications

Effect of impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanostructures

Effect of impurities on the electronic and magnetic properties of zinc oxide nanostructures

Electronic structure and magnetism of transition metal doped Zn12O12 clusters: Role of defects

Magnetism of ZnO nanoparticles: Dependence on crystallite size and surfactant coating

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