Surface landmarks of brachial plexus: ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for supraclavicular approach with anatomical correlation

Apan, Alpaslan; Baydar, Penol; Yýlmaz, Sevda; Uz, Aysun; Tekdemir, Ýbrahim; Güney, Pefik; Elhan, Alai̇tti̇n

doi:10.1016/s0929-8266(01)00131-8

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Many efforts have been put into depicting the anatomy of the brachial plexus and diagnosing brachial plexus lesions by ultrasonography. Ultrasonographic manifestations of brachial plexopathy, such as trauma, tumor and inflammation infiltration, have been studied (Sheppard et al 1998;Yang et al 1998;Apan et al 2001;Retzl et al 2001;Martinoli et al 2002;Demondion et al 2003;Mallouhi et al 2003;Shafighi et al 2003;Graif et al 2004;Gruber et al 2007;Poyhia et al 2010). The present study confirmed the high feasibility of visualizing brachial plexus by ultrasonography in normal control subjects and in patients with suspected brachial plexus lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therapeutic decisions are presently based on a combination of clinical history, physical examination, neurologic tests and imaging tests. With the development of advanced ultrasound techniques, ultrasonography has already been used to determine the site, extent and severity of brachial plexus lesions (Apan et al 2001;Retzl et al 2001;Martinoli et al 2002;Shafighi et al 2003;Graif et al 2004;Gruber et al 2007). This study investigated the feasibility of differentiation between pre-and postganglionic brachial plexus lesions by preoperative ultrasonography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Differential Diagnosis between Pre- and Postganglionic Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Lesions by Ultrasonography

Chen

Cong

Zheng

et al. 2011

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Diagnosis between Pre- and Postganglionic Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Lesions by Ultrasonography

Chen

Cong

Zheng

et al. 2011

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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“…4). [4][5][6][7][8] Although it has some technical limitations when compared with MR imaging, including the inability to track the roots inside the foramina, ultrasonography provides excellent nerve depiction and may be helpful in guidance of brachial nerve injuries. Because ultrasonography can reveal the level of the root of the brachial plexus on the basis of different morphologic characteristics on the vertebral landmarks, it can be used for exact confirmation of the pathologic roots before surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonography for Depiction of Brachial Plexus Injury

Shafighi

Gürünlüoğlu

Ninković

et al. 2003

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Recent development of ultrasonographic equipment has allowed improved spatial resolution for visualizing normal and pathologic conditions of peripheral nerves. Regarding the brachial plexus, only ultrasonographic studies that have described the normal appearance have been reported. To the best of our knowledge, no case report regarding the ultrasonographic description of a brachial plexus lesion has been published. We report the ultrasonographic findings of a brachial plexus injury after extirpation of a suspected enlarged supraclavicular lymph node.

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“…In order to quantify the relationships of the plexus to surrounding structures, Apan et al utilized sonography in 30 patients, along with coronal MR images in a subset of these, to examine the supraclavicular region [28]. The authors found that the depth of the brachial plexus from the skin at this level, with the transducer in the coronal oblique position, averaged 1.65 cm in males and 1.45 cm in females.…”

Section: Anatomy Of the Supraclavicular Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial Plexus Anatomy: Normal and Variant

Orebaugh

Williams

2009

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Effective brachial plexus blockade requires a thorough understanding of the anatomy of the plexus, as well as an appreciation of anatomic variations that may occur. This review summarizes relevant anatomy of the plexus, along with variations and anomalies that may affect nerve blocks conducted at these levels. The Medline, Cochrane Library, and PubMed electronic databases were searched in order to compile reports related to the anatomy of the brachial plexus using the following free terms: "brachial plexus", "median nerve", "ulnar nerve", "radial nerve", "axillary nerve", and "musculocutanous nerve". Each of these was then paired with the MESH terms "anatomy", "nerve block", "anomaly", "variation", and "ultrasound". Resulting articles were hand searched for additional relevant literature. A total of 68 searches were conducted, with a total of 377 possible articles for inclusion. Of these, 57 were found to provide substantive information for this review. The normal anatomy of the brachial plexus is briefly reviewed, with an emphasis on those features revealed by use of imaging technologies. Anomalies of the anatomy that might affect the conduct of the various brachial plexus blocks are noted. Brachial plexus blockade has been effectively utilized as a component of anesthesia for upper extremity surgery for a century. Over that period, our understanding of anatomy and its variations has improved significantly. The ability to explore anatomy at the bedside, with real-time ultrasonography, has improved our appreciation of brachial plexus anatomy as well.

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Surface landmarks of brachial plexus: ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for supraclavicular approach with anatomical correlation

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Differential Diagnosis between Pre- and Postganglionic Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Lesions by Ultrasonography

Differential Diagnosis between Pre- and Postganglionic Adult Traumatic Brachial Plexus Lesions by Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography for Depiction of Brachial Plexus Injury

Brachial Plexus Anatomy: Normal and Variant

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