Surface graphitization of Furan-resin-derived carbon

Tanabe, Yasuhiro; Yamanaka, Junji; Hoshi, Kazuhito; Migita, Hidekazu; Yasuda, Eiichi

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(01)00069-0

Cited by 38 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…15 This indicates that the graphite structure has developed on the surface of HTT3000, which agrees with the result of Tanabe et al 1 The intensity of the peak around 1360 cm 1 for the specimen heat treated at 3000°C increased after being kept under oxidizing atmosphere for 12 h. This suggests that a lot of structural disorder on the surface of the specimen developed during the process. On the Raman spectrum of HTT3000 500, three peaks were observed at 1360 cm 1 , 1580 cm 1 and 1610 cm 1 . The peak around 1610 cm 1 is assigned to D 0 -band, which is interpreted as the peak corresponding to the edge plane on Raman spectra of the specimen heat treated at 3000°C before and after exposure to dry air at 500°C.…”

Section: 15supporting

confidence: 89%

Analysis of oxidation behavior under dry air of neat and Ta‐alloyed furan‐resin‐derived carbons heat treated at 3000 °C

Nakamura

Tanabe

Suzuki

et al. 2005

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Oxidation behavior and structural changes of furan-resin-derived carbons heat treated at 3000°C were investigated at 500 and 700°C under dry air. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to detect and understand this behavior and the changes. Effect of tantalum on antioxidation property of Ta-alloyed carbon was also analyzed. The neat and Ta-alloyed carbons had insignificant weight losses even after being kept at 500°C for 12 h, while the Ta-alloyed carbon had weight loss lower than that of the neat carbon after being kept at 700°C for 6 h. It has been found by XPS that oxidation involves oxygen in internal area as well as on external surface of the carbons. It was also inferred that the carbon stored with oxygen in deeper internal area was easily oxidized. Ta alloying leads to change of the state of the Fermi energy on the specimens, which may cause the antioxidation property.

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Section: 15supporting

confidence: 89%

Analysis of oxidation behavior under dry air of neat and Ta‐alloyed furan‐resin‐derived carbons heat treated at 3000 °C

Nakamura

Tanabe

Suzuki

et al. 2005

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…The limited graphitization behavior of the heat-treated sheets seems to be attributed to their heterogeneous structure and also due to inhomogeneity in nanotexture of the original bacteria cellulose. 24) and the surface of furan-resin-derived carbon 16) are also plotted as a function of HTT in the figures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surfaces seemed to be graphitized by a mechanical stress which was applied to the surfaces during the formation processes of the fibers and films because the stress enhanced graphitization. On the other hand, cut surfaces of a bulk cured-furan resin being a representative precursor of nongraphitizing carbons and the fractured surface of the 500 °C-treated resin, which were free surfaces without stress under the forming process, were graphitized after carbonization and simple heat treatment at high temperatures 16) . Therefore, the induced stress during forming process is not always major factor in the graphitization of the surfaces of nongraphitizing carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitization behavior of carbon nanofibers derived from bacteria cellulose

Kaburagi¹,

Ohoyama²,

Yamaguchi³

et al. 2012

TANSO

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Bacteria cellulose prepared from nata de coco which is composed of pure cellulose nanofibers. The nanofibers were dispersed in ethanol or distilled water and were stirred and then filtered to obtain paper-like sheets. The diameters of the nanofibers were in the range of 30 to 60 nm. The sheets were carbonized and then heat-treated at temperatures between 2400 and 3200 °C in a high purity Ar flow under atmospheric pressure, and the texture and structure of the heat-treated sheets were investigated. Cellulose-based carbon materials are known to be one of nongraphitizing carbons. However, graphitization of the carbon sheets was observed as a result of the heat treatments, and was especially apparent for those from the nanofibers dispersed in ethanol. The development of a graphite structure in the carbon nanofibers of the sheets seems to be attributed to graphitization on the surface of nongraphitizing carbon, and the surface graphitization seems to extend to the insides of the carbon nanofibers with very thin diameters of 30-60 nm. The graphitization degree of the 3200 °C-treated sheet derived from the nanofibers dispersed in ethanol was nearly comparable to that for a commercial graphite nanofiber powder VGCF ® . However, the improvement in structural perfection with heat treatment for the carbon sheets was less remarkable in comparison with that for typical graphitizing carbons. The limited graphitization behavior of the heat-treated sheets may be attributed to their heterogeneous structure.

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“…Furthermore, the bandwidth of the D-band is larger in the case of the samples prepared at lower temperatures compared to that of the specimens prepared at higher temperatures, indicating that the ordering degree of the former samples is lower than that of the latter samples [18]. It is accepted that an increase of order in carbonaceous materials is reflected by a decrease in the frequency of the G-band as well as a decrease of its bandwidth [13].…”

Section: Characterization By Raman Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their characteristics (peak position (r), the full width at half maximum (W FWHM ), and integrated intensity (I)) were determined by fitting the data to a Lorentzian shape. And the degree of disorder of the carbon species, which is the integrated intensity ratio R = I D /I G (R-value), was calculated in terms of the peak intensity of 1360 cm À1 (D-band) and 1590 cm À1 (G-band) [17,18]. A curve fitting method is proposed here for the study of these woodceramics that allows us to follow small spectroscopic changes with accuracy.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%