Surface grafting control of PEGylated poly(vinylidene fluoride) antifouling membrane via surface-initiated radical graft copolymerization

Stimuli responsive and low fouling ultrafiltration membranes from blends of polyvinylidene fluoride and designed library of amphiphilic poly(methyl methacrylate) containing copolymers

“…A dead-end [11,14,16] stirred filtration cell (Amicon stirred cell Model no. 8400) equipped with dispensing pressure vessel (5 L capacity, Model XI6700P05, Millipore) was employed for the UF operation.…”

“…Hence, the most important requirements for membranes in separation applications are high permeability, high selectivity, and minimized fouling and concentration polarization. As regards to PVDF, various strategies have been put forwarded to modify the membrane surfaces [1], such as coating by hydrophilic polyvinyl alcohol [9] and chitosan [10], surface initiated graft polymerization [2,[11][12][13][14] and blending hydrophilic polymers with PVDF [15][16][17]. by incorporation of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles [20].…”

Tailoring Membrane Surface Charges: A Novel Study on Electrostatic Interactions during Membrane Fouling

“…However, this hydrophobicity leads to hydrophobic interactions with, e.g., proteins resulting in a fouling layer precipitated on the membrane surface accompanied by a decreased membrane performance [1,2]. The common way to face this problem is to hydrophilize the hydrophobic membrane material [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] with different modification methods like grafting reactions [6,[8][9][10][11][12], electron beam (EB) irradiation [13,14] or plasma treatment [5,[15][16][17][18][19][20]. The hydrophilized membrane surfaces then show an increased fouling resistance due to the buildup of a water film on the membrane surface, which repels hydrophobic fouling reagents [21].…”

Purification of Peptides in High-Complexity Arrays

“…[161] For example, plasma or ozone activation and subsequent graft polymerization is a common way to obtain membranes with the desired functional groups. [161,[166][167][168] However, combining a functional coating with a key/lock system in which all components are stable to TFA and, furthermore, can even form a bond under these conditions, was a considerable challenge.…”