Surface geophysics and borehole inspection as an aid to characterizing karst voids and vadose ventilation patterns (Nerja research site, S. Spain)

Characterization of groundwater and surface water mixing in a semiconfined karst aquifer using time‐lapse electrical resistivity tomography

“…Hydrogeophysics has more recently been used to determine locations of sinkholes [ van Schoor , ; Jardani et al ., ] and both air‐filled and water‐filled subsurface voids [ Smith and Randazzo , ; Vouillamoz et al ., ; Legchenko et al ., ; Tripathi , ; Zhu et al ., ; Vadillo et al ., ] or to optimize the position of wells in karstic aquifers [ Robert et al ., ]. Currently, electromagnetic methods, gravity, and ground penetrating radar are considered the most suitable methods for detecting karst conduits and other large cavities [ Thomas and Roth , ; Chalikakis et al ., ] although some studies have used geodesy [ Longuevergne et al ., ; Grillo et al ., ; Tenze et al ., ] or electrical resistivity tomography to determine locations of subsurface conduits [ Smith and Randazzo , ; Denahan and Smith , ; Guérin and Benderitter , ; Gautam et al ., ; Vouillamoz et al ., ; Guérin et al ., ; Tripathi , ; Zhu et al ., ; Meyerhoff et al ., ; Vadillo et al ., ]. Denahan and Smith [] found that fluid‐filled voids in karstic regions have low resistivity anomalies compared to the background resistivity, due to the high electrical conductivity of groundwater.…”

Use of geophysical methods for the demonstration of Karstic phenomena in southern Algeria: Guerraraarea (district of Ghardaïa. Algeria)

“…La caractérisation des phénomènes karstiques dans les zones arides nécessite un choix judicieux des techniques employé, la résistivité électriques et le Georadar sont les plus utilisé pour la détection des vides souterrains [5]; [6]; [7]; [8]. Ces méthodes sont rapides non destructives et à coût réduit et fournissent des informations importantes sur les propriétés des formations de la sub-surface [9] ; [10].…”

Delineation of macroporous zones in the unsaturated portion of the Miami Limestone using ground penetrating radar, Miami Dade County, Florida

“…For example, GPR has been applied to karstic environments to identify and characterize the extent of subsurface features such as caves, sinkholes and dissolution structures (Estrada-Medina et al, 2010;Seren et al, 2012;Vadillo et al, 2012). Several studies have used GPR to investigate soil moisture content and the capillary fringe (Lunt et al, 2005;Bano, 2006), and used it as a means to measure water table elevation (Endres et al, 2000;Bentley and Trenholm, 2002).…”