Surface functional groups on acid-activated nutshell carbons

Toles, Christopher A.; Marshall, Wayne E.; Johns, Mitchell M.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(98)00315-7

Cited by 226 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Literature provides many reports on obtaining activated carbon by physical and chemical activation of all kinds of waste materials of plant or industrial origin (Cabal et al 2009;Chand et al 2009;Nakagawa et al 2003Nakagawa et al , 2004San Miguel et al 2002;Toles et al 1999). Such solutions are appreciated not only from the ecological viewpoint but also for economical reasons (reduced cost of production).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NO2 removal on adsorbents prepared from coffee industry waste materials

2013

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A technology for obtaining carbonaceous adsorbents by physical and chemical activation of waste materials from coffee industry is described. The effect of pyrolysis temperature and type of activation procedure on the textural parameters, acid-base character of the surface and sorption properties of activated carbons has been tested. The resulting carbons were characterized by lowtemperature nitrogen sorption, determination of pH and the number of surface oxygen groups. The sorption properties of the activated carbons obtained were characterized by evaluation of nitrogen dioxide adsorption in dry and wet conditions. The final products were adsorbents of specific surface area ranging from 5 to 2,076 m 2 /g and pore volume from 0.03 to 1.25 cm 3 /g, showing very diverse acidicbasic character of the surface. The results obtained in our study have proved that a suitable choice of the pyrolysis and activation procedure for coffee industry wastes permits production of adsorbents with high sorption capacity of nitrogen dioxide, reaching to 44.5 and 84.1 mg NO 2 /g in dry and wet conditions, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NO2 removal on adsorbents prepared from coffee industry waste materials

2013

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“…In addition, carboxylic, phenolic, and lactonic groups also persist along with the previous oxidizable groups and the existence of these functional groups is heavily dependent on the processes of carbon activation. 30 Therefore, the tendency of AC or chemically modified AC sorbents to be involved in redox reaction with Cr(VI) is mainly related to the presence of some of these oxidizable functional groups. Table 1 compiles the percentage values of Cr(VI) reduction into Cr(III) by modified AC sorbents, Acidic-AC, Basic-AC, Ox-AC, and Rd-AC, in the presence of various buffering conditions.…”

Section: Effect Of Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 The reduced AC sorbent, Rd-AC, was also prepared in a similar way by using Na 2 SO 3 solution (1.0 mol) as the reducing agent.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Modified Active Carbon Sorbentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of Cr(VI) via combined self-reduction and adsorption bychemically modified carbon sorbents

Mahmoud¹,

Yakout²,

Halbas³

et al. 2016

Turk J Chem

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Hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), is a highly toxic species, while trivalent chromium, Cr(III), is an essential trace element for humans and other organisms. In the present work, a simple, rapid, and efficient procedure for water treatment of Cr(VI) is described. Active carbon (AC) was chemically treated with HCl and NaOH for the formation of surface modified Acidic-AC and Basic-AC sorbents, respectively. In addition, AC sorbent was treated with HNO 3 as an oxidizing agent and sodium sulfite as a reducing agent for the formation of Ox-AC and Rd-AC sorbents, respectively. The modified AC sorbents were tested to identify their potential applications in removal of Cr(VI) under various controlling factors using the batch technique. The results indicated that these sorbents can be used in water treatment due to their excellent and efficient reduction of Cr(VI) into Cr(III) with percentage transformation values in the range of 90%-100%. Acidic-AC was found to be the superior sorbent in the reduction process of Cr(VI). The produced Cr(III) was removed from aqueous solutions via adsorption on the surface of these sorbents. The reduction and adsorption processes of Cr(VI)-Cr(III) were evaluated and optimized under different experimental parameters. The potential applications of these sorbents in real water treatment were also explored.

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“…(10) It has been suggested that the major oxygencontaining compounds on activated carbon surface are carbonyl-, phenolic-, lactonic-or carboxyl type functionalities. (48) There are numerous studies in the literature on the impact of surface chemical functional groups, both naturally occurring or artificially introduced, on the capacity of carbon surfaces to adsorb organic or inorganic adsorbates under a variety of process conditions. The oxygencontaining functional groups, that can be removed by outgassing above 500 K, can either enhance or reduce the adsorption capacity of microporous carbon depending on the specific adsorbate.…”

Section: Chemical and Morphological Heterogeneity Of The Carbon Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Mechanisms and Kinetics of Vapor-Phase Mercury Uptake by Carbonacoues Surfaces

Vidić¹

2002

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Surface functional groups on acid-activated nutshell carbons

Cited by 226 publications

References 13 publications

NO2 removal on adsorbents prepared from coffee industry waste materials

NO2 removal on adsorbents prepared from coffee industry waste materials

Remediation of Cr(VI) via combined self-reduction and adsorption bychemically modified carbon sorbents

Combined Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Mechanisms and Kinetics of Vapor-Phase Mercury Uptake by Carbonacoues Surfaces

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