Surface Fluorination of ALD TiO<sub>2</sub> Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Zardetto, Valerio; Giacomo, Francesco Di; Lifka, H.; Verheijen, Marcel A.; Weijtens, Christ H. L.; Black, Lachlan E.; Veenstra, Sjoerd; Kessels, W.M.M.; Andriessen, Ronn; Creatore, M.

doi:10.1002/admi.201701456

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Although similar interfacial charge transfer regardless of the presence of Cl at the interface, much longer charge recombination lifetime was observed for Cl‐TiO 2 case (145 µs) as compared to bare TiO 2 (64 µs) as revealed by transient photovoltage decay results (Figure f). Similarly, CF 4 plasma was employed to enable the fluorination of TiO 2 surface, achieving improvements in electron extraction and energy band alignment as well as adhesion between TiO 2 and MAPbI 3 . Fluorination enhanced photovoltaic parameters.…”

Section: Interface Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

2018

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Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials are receiving increasing attention and becoming star materials on account of their unique and intriguing optical and electrical properties, such as high molar extinction coefficient, wide absorption spectrum, low excitonic binding energy, ambipolar carrier transport property, long carrier diffusion length, and high defects tolerance. Although a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 22.7% is certified for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), it is still far from the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency (30.5%). Obviously, trap-assisted nonradiative (also called Shockley-Read-Hall, SRH) recombination in perovskite films and interface recombination should be mainly responsible for the above efficiency distance. Here, recent research advancements in suppressing bulk SRH recombination and interface recombination are systematically investigated. For reducing SRH recombination in the films, engineering perovskite composition, additives, dimensionality, grain orientation, nonstoichiometric approach, precursor solution, and post-treatment are explored. The focus herein is on the recombination at perovskite/electron-transporting material and perovskite/hole-transporting material interfaces in normal or inverted PSCs. Strategies for suppressing bulk and interface recombination are described. Additionally, the effect of trap-assisted nonradiative recombination on hysteresis and stability of PSCs is discussed. Finally, possible solutions and reasonable prospects for suppressing recombination losses are presented.

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Section: Interface Recombinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

2018

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“…[ 40 ] Obviously, the fundamental fluorescence peak of N‐M‐TiO 2 is relatively lower, indicating the photogenerated electrons generated in perovskite can be extracted effectively. [ 41 ] As shown in Figure 4b, the TRPL intensities of perovskite/N‐M‐TiO 2 is lower than that of the peak perovskite/M‐TiO 2 . The TRPL decay profile data can be obtained by fitting the curves and the following biexponential equation

y = A_{1} exp (- t / τ_{1}) + A_{2} exp (- t / τ_{2}) + y^{0}

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Carbon‐Based Printable Perovskite Solar Cells with a Mesoporous TiO₂ Electron Transporting Layer Derived from Metal–Organic Framework NH₂‐MIL‐125

Zhao

et al. 2021

Energy Tech

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Applying metal–organic framework (MOF) materials to perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is an innovative and promising direction in the current photovoltaic field, especially in low‐cost carbon‐based PSCs without hole transport layer. Herein, a novel mesoporous anatase TiO2 nanocrystalline with pie morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), and outstanding wettability is successfully prepared by sintering the NH2‐MIL‐125 at 500 °C for 6 h. The TiO2 derived from NH2‐MIL‐125 possesses excellent penetration and crystallinity of perovskite in the electron transporting layer (ETL), and exhibits appropriate work function which matches relatively better with the conduction band of perovskite. Meanwhile, the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the two PSC devices based on the as‐prepared TiO2 are 13.49% and 12.55%, respectively. Moreover, both of these devices exhibit good stability.

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“…Furthermore, it can be seen that there is a more serious discrete distribution of the Jsc, FF and  for bilayer PSCs compared with monolayer PSCs. The champion conversion efficiency is 19.14% for monolayer PSC, which is higher than the results of the PSCs with the same configuration of FTO/c-TiO2 /CH3NH3PbI3 /spiro-OMeTAD/Au reported in the last two years [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. The weaker performance of the bilayer PSCs has been analyzed in the following section.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Performance Of the Perovskite Solar Cellsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Tuning Nucleation Sites to Enable Monolayer Perovskite Films for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Chu

et al. 2018

Coatings

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The nucleation site plays a critical role in achieving the full coverage of perovskite film at both the macroscopic and microscopic scales, and it is systematically investigated for the first time in this study. The results show that under natural conditions, the incomplete coverage of perovskite film is due to both heterogeneous nucleation and homogeneous nucleation. The established concentration field and temperature field in the precursor solution show that there are two preferential nucleation sites, i.e., the upper surface of the precursor solution (homogeneous nucleation) and the surface of the substrate (heterogeneous nucleation). The nucleation sites are tuned by decreasing the drying pressure from the atmosphere to 3000 Pa, and then to 100 Pa, and then the microstructures of the perovskite films change from an incomplete coverage state to a monolayer full coverage state, and then to a bilayer full coverage state. At last, when the full coverage perovskite films are assembled into perovskite solar cells, the photovoltaic performance of the monolayer perovskite solar cells is slightly greater than that of the bilayer perovskite solar cells. The electrochemical characterization shows that there is more restrained internal recombination of the monolayer perovskite solar cells compared with bilayer perovskite solar cells.

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Surface Fluorination of ALD TiO₂ Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

Carbon‐Based Printable Perovskite Solar Cells with a Mesoporous TiO₂ Electron Transporting Layer Derived from Metal–Organic Framework NH₂‐MIL‐125

Tuning Nucleation Sites to Enable Monolayer Perovskite Films for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Surface Fluorination of ALD TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 41 publications

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

Causes and Solutions of Recombination in Perovskite Solar Cells

Carbon‐Based Printable Perovskite Solar Cells with a Mesoporous TiO2 Electron Transporting Layer Derived from Metal–Organic Framework NH2‐MIL‐125

Tuning Nucleation Sites to Enable Monolayer Perovskite Films for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Product

Resources

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Surface Fluorination of ALD TiO₂ Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

Carbon‐Based Printable Perovskite Solar Cells with a Mesoporous TiO₂ Electron Transporting Layer Derived from Metal–Organic Framework NH₂‐MIL‐125