Surface exposure dating of Late Pleistocene glaciations at the Dedegöl Mountains (Lake Beyşehir, SW Turkey)

Zahno, Conradin; Akçar, Naki; Yavuz, Vural; Kubik, Peter W.; Schlüchter, Christian

doi:10.1002/jqs.1280

Cited by 62 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Later about 15.1 ± 0.9 ka in the Late Glacial period, the glaciers retreated slightly and remained stable for a short time. Similar OSL ages (17.7 ± 4.4 ka) have been obtained by Bayrakdar (2012) (Zahno et al, 2009). The Muslu Valley on the eastern side of the mountains has two lateral moraines extending to an elevation of 1400 m which were dated by Zahno et al (2009).…”

Section: Western Taurussupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Moraines are exposed to cosmic rays from the moment the glacier starts to retreat and it is assumed that the deposited material has not been exposed to cosmic rays previously, thus the minimum age of deposition of the moraine is calculated as the beginning of glacial retreat (Zreda and Phillips, 2000). In Turkey by measurement of 36 Cl and 10 Be cosmogenic isotopes on moraines, the chronology of Quaternary glaciation has been revealed in detail and paleoclimate interpretations have been made (Akçar et al, 2007;Sar›kaya et al, 2008;2009;Sar›kaya, 2009;Zahno et al, 2009;2010;Zreda et al, 2011;Akçar et al, 2015;.…”

Section: Method: Cosmogenic Surface Exposure Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last 15 years the application of cosmogenic surface exposure dating to Turkish glacial deposits has given a new dimension to Quaternary studies. Moraines, previously only dated by qualitative methods such as relative relations, degree of erosion, and development of soil and plant cover, began to be dated quantitatively by cosmogenic methods (Akçar et al, 2007;Sar›kaya et al, 2008;2009;Sar›kaya, 2009;Zahno et al, 2009;2010;Zreda et al, 2011;2015; Kurter's (1991) classification, Turkey's glacial regions can be divided in three regions. These are (1) the Taurus Mountains extending parallel to the Mediterranean coast to the southeastern most part of Turkey, (2) the Eastern Black Sea Mountains extending along Turkey's Black Sea coast and (3) scattered and isolated high mountains and volcanoes in Anatolia (Table 1).…”

Section: Distribution and Chronology Of Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Pleistocene Glaciations and Paleoclimate of Turkey

Sarıkaya¹,

Çiner²

2015

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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Glaciers respond quickly to climatic changes and thus they are considered to be very accurate indicators of changes in atmospheric conditions. Similarly, the extent of past glaciers gives valuable insights into paleoclimatic changes. For this purpose, we reviewed the paleo-glaciated mountains where cosmogenic surface exposure dating was applied in Turkey. We also evaluated the paleoclimatic results obtained from these studies to provide a regional overview. Twenty-seven mountains in Turkey are high enough to support Quaternary valley glaciers or ice caps. The timing of glaciations was reported mainly by cosmogenic dating of moraines. We re-evaluated the dated sites and recalculated some of the published cosmogenic ages using the up-to-date production rates. The oldest geochronological records reported from the region belong to the glaciations before the globally defined Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). These glaciers developed probably during the beginning of the last glaciation (MIS 4; 71 ka ago) and stopped advancing at the end of the MIS 3 (at 29-35 ka ago). Later, glaciers expanded and reached to their most extensive locations during MIS 2 (after 29 ka ago). They reached maximum extents between 21.5 ka ago and 18.5 ka ago. This local-LGM was synchronous with the global-LGM. After the LGM, the glaciers started to retreat to less extensive positions and deposited their moraines 16 ka ago during the Late Glacial. The Younger Dryas (~12 ka ago) advances were also reported from a limited number of mountains. Rare Early Holocene glaciations were dated to 8.5 ka in the interior regions. Late Holocene (1-4 ka ago) and Little Ice Age (between 1300-1850 AD) advances were also observed. We reconstructed the paleoclimate using glacier modeling together with paleoclimate proxy data from several regions. The results show that LGM climate was 8-11°C colder than today and moisture levels were 1.5 to 2 times in SW Turkey, somewhat similar to modern values in central parts and 30 % drier in the NE. The Late Glacial was colder by 4.5-6.4°C based on up to 50 % wetter conditions. The Early Holocene was 2.1-4.9°C colder and up to twice as wet as today, while the Late Holocene was 2.4-3°C colder and its precipitation amounts approached to similar conditions as today.

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Section: Western Taurussupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Method: Cosmogenic Surface Exposure Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Distribution and Chronology Of Glaciersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Pleistocene Glaciations and Paleoclimate of Turkey

Sarıkaya¹,

Çiner²

2015

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

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“…The last decade has seen a large number of studies published in this region (Akçar et al 2007(Akçar et al , 2008(Akçar et al , 2014Sarıkaya et al 2008Sarıkaya et al , 2009Sarıkaya et al , 2014Zahno et al 2009Zahno et al , 2010Zreda et al 2011;Reber et al 2014;Ç iner et al 2015). These are either 10 Be or 36 Cl exposure age studies.…”

Section: Turkey and The Near Eastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary glaciation in the Mediterranean mountains: a new synthesis

Hughes

Woodward

2016

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The Mediterranean mountains were repeatedly glaciated during the Pleistocene. Glaciers were present in most of the major mountains areas from Morocco in the west to the Black Sea coast of Turkey in the east. Some mountains supported extensive ice caps and ice fields with valley glaciers tens of kilometres long. Other massifs sustained only small-scale ice masses, although this was the exception rather than the norm. Glaciers still exist today and there is evidence that small glaciers were a common sight in many regions during the Little Ice Age. The Mediterranean mountains are important for palaeoclimate research because of their position in the midlatitudes and sensitivity to changes in the climate regimes of adjacent areas including the North Atlantic. These mountains are also important areas of biodiversity and long-term biological change through the Quaternary ice age. All of this provided challenges and opportunities for Palaeolithic societies. This paper reviews the history of the study of glaciation in the Mediterranean mountains from pioneer nineteenth century observations through to the detailed geomorphological mapping and advanced geochronological datasets of recent times. We also review the current state of knowledge to frame the contributions presented in this volume. Lastly, this new synthesis then identifies outstanding research problems and assesses the prospects for new studies of glaciation in the Mediterranean mountains.

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“…Makos et al, 2013), and in Mediterranean mountains (Akçar et al, 2007(Akçar et al, , 2014Zahno et al, 2009;Giraudi, 2012). Ivy-Ochs et al (2004a) reported that the Rhône piedmont glacier collapsed at 21-19.1 ka.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Late Pleistocene deglaciation in the upper Gállego Valley, central Pyrenees

et al. 2015

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Deglaciation processes in the upper Gállego Valley, central-southern Pyrenees, were studied using geomorphological mapping and 36 Cl cosmogenic dating of moraine and rock glacier boulders, as well as polished bedrock. Although the precise position of the Gállego Glacier during the global last glacial maximum is not known, there is evidence that ice tongues retreated to the headwaters, which caused subdivision of the main glacier into a number of individual glaciers prior to 17 ka. A range of ages (16 to 11 ka) was found among three tributary valleys within the general trend of deglaciation. The retreat rate to cirque was estimated to be relatively rapid (approximately 5 km per ka). The mapped glacial sedimentology and geomorphology appears to support the occurrence of multiple minor advances and retreats, or periods of stasis during the late deglaciation. Geomorphological and geological differences among the tributary valleys, and error estimates associated with the results obtained, prevented unambiguous correlations of the advances with the late Pleistocene cold periods. During the latter advances, small glaciers and rock glaciers developed close to the cirque headwalls, and co-occurred under the same climatic conditions. No evidence for Holocene re-advance was found for any of the three tributary valleys.

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Surface exposure dating of Late Pleistocene glaciations at the Dedegöl Mountains (Lake Beyşehir, SW Turkey)

Cited by 62 publications

References 47 publications

Late Pleistocene Glaciations and Paleoclimate of Turkey

Late Pleistocene Glaciations and Paleoclimate of Turkey

Quaternary glaciation in the Mediterranean mountains: a new synthesis

Late Pleistocene deglaciation in the upper Gállego Valley, central Pyrenees

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