Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy aptasensor for simultaneous determination of ochratoxin A and zearalenone using Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles and gold nanorods
“…Previous studies have used substrates, such as thin‐film PDA‐coated silver nanocubes, 240 silver‐embedded silica nanoparticles, 241 and AuNRs, 242 to detect mycotoxins with high sensitivity and reproducibility. More promising, though, is the use of aptamer‐based platforms, which have successfully been applied to detect multiple classes of mycotoxins 239,244–247 . Aptamer‐based methods, due to their extremely high level of specificity, 243 have been particularly successful in analysing mycotoxins in real samples such as beer, 244 peanut oil, 245 corn, 246 and maize 247 and warrant further investigation in future research.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This high affinity allows aptamers to act as an alternative to antibodies in many analytical methods, and depending on the experiment may be preferable to antibodies as their smaller size allows for lower steric hindrance and a lower change of a linkage error due to a nucleotide base pair mismatch 243 . Previously, aptamer‐based SERS platforms have been used for the detection of mycotoxins such as ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) 239,244–247 . A study by Chen et al.…”
Section: Analytes Of Interestmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As is clear from the above studies, aptamer‐based methods vary widely, and can implement detection methods in tandem with SERS, such as fluorescence‐ and luminescence‐based methods, allowing for dual signals to differentiate between toxin presence and absence. Aptamer‐based methods specifically have shown great promise in detecting mycotoxins in food samples, with LOD spanning the nanomolar, picomolar and femtomolar range, depending on the toxin detected and the exact method used 239 . Many comparable methods that rely on the use of antibodies have LOD only in the nanomolar range, so aptamer‐based sensors are promising for ultra‐trace detection of mycotoxins in environmental settings 246 …”
As the human population grows, the anthropogenic impacts from various agricultural and industrial processes produce unwanted contaminants in the environment. The accurate, sensitive and rapid detection of such contaminants is vital for human health and safety. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a valuable analytical tool with wide applications in environmental contaminant monitoring. The aim of this review is to summarize recent advancements within SERS research as it applies to environmental detection, with a focus on research published or accessible from January 2021 through December 2021 including early-access publications. Our goal is to provide a wide breadth of information that can be used to provide background knowledge of the field, as well as inform and encourage further development of SERS techniques in protecting environmental quality and safety. Specifically, we highlight the characteristics of effective SERS nanosubstrates, and explore methods for the SERS detection of inorganic, organic, and biological contaminants including heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, plastic particles, synthetic dyes, pesticides, viruses, bacteria and mycotoxins. We also discuss the current limitations of SERS technologies in environmental detection and propose several avenues for future investigation. We encourage researchers to fill in the identified gaps so that SERS can be implemented in a real-world environment more effectively and efficiently, ultimately providing reliable and timely data to help and make science-based strategies and policies to protect environmental safety and public health.
“…Previous studies have used substrates, such as thin‐film PDA‐coated silver nanocubes, 240 silver‐embedded silica nanoparticles, 241 and AuNRs, 242 to detect mycotoxins with high sensitivity and reproducibility. More promising, though, is the use of aptamer‐based platforms, which have successfully been applied to detect multiple classes of mycotoxins 239,244–247 . Aptamer‐based methods, due to their extremely high level of specificity, 243 have been particularly successful in analysing mycotoxins in real samples such as beer, 244 peanut oil, 245 corn, 246 and maize 247 and warrant further investigation in future research.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This high affinity allows aptamers to act as an alternative to antibodies in many analytical methods, and depending on the experiment may be preferable to antibodies as their smaller size allows for lower steric hindrance and a lower change of a linkage error due to a nucleotide base pair mismatch 243 . Previously, aptamer‐based SERS platforms have been used for the detection of mycotoxins such as ochratoxin A (OTA), zearalenone (ZEN), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) 239,244–247 . A study by Chen et al.…”
Section: Analytes Of Interestmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As is clear from the above studies, aptamer‐based methods vary widely, and can implement detection methods in tandem with SERS, such as fluorescence‐ and luminescence‐based methods, allowing for dual signals to differentiate between toxin presence and absence. Aptamer‐based methods specifically have shown great promise in detecting mycotoxins in food samples, with LOD spanning the nanomolar, picomolar and femtomolar range, depending on the toxin detected and the exact method used 239 . Many comparable methods that rely on the use of antibodies have LOD only in the nanomolar range, so aptamer‐based sensors are promising for ultra‐trace detection of mycotoxins in environmental settings 246 …”
As the human population grows, the anthropogenic impacts from various agricultural and industrial processes produce unwanted contaminants in the environment. The accurate, sensitive and rapid detection of such contaminants is vital for human health and safety. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a valuable analytical tool with wide applications in environmental contaminant monitoring. The aim of this review is to summarize recent advancements within SERS research as it applies to environmental detection, with a focus on research published or accessible from January 2021 through December 2021 including early-access publications. Our goal is to provide a wide breadth of information that can be used to provide background knowledge of the field, as well as inform and encourage further development of SERS techniques in protecting environmental quality and safety. Specifically, we highlight the characteristics of effective SERS nanosubstrates, and explore methods for the SERS detection of inorganic, organic, and biological contaminants including heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, plastic particles, synthetic dyes, pesticides, viruses, bacteria and mycotoxins. We also discuss the current limitations of SERS technologies in environmental detection and propose several avenues for future investigation. We encourage researchers to fill in the identified gaps so that SERS can be implemented in a real-world environment more effectively and efficiently, ultimately providing reliable and timely data to help and make science-based strategies and policies to protect environmental safety and public health.
The methodological advancements in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique with nanoscale materials based on noble metals, Au, Ag, and their bimetallic alloy Au-Ag, has enabled the highly efficient sensing of chemical and biological molecules at very low concentration values. By employing the innovative various type of Au, Ag nanoparticles and especially, high efficiency Au@Ag alloy nanomaterials as substrate in SERS based biosensors have revolutionized the detection of biological components including; proteins, antigens antibodies complex, circulating tumor cells, DNA, and RNA (miRNA), etc. This review is about SERS-based Au/Ag bimetallic biosensors and their Raman enhanced activity by focusing on different factors related to them. The emphasis of this research is to describe the recent developments in this field and conceptual advancements behind them. Furthermore, in this article we apex the understanding of impact by variation in basic features like effects of size, shape varying lengths, thickness of core-shell and their influence of large-scale magnitude and morphology. Moreover, the detailed information about recent biological applications based on these core-shell noble metals, importantly detection of receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of COVID-19 is provided.
Zearalenone (ZEN) is a common mycotoxin pollutant found in agricultural products. Aptamers are attractive recognition biomolecules for the development of mycotoxin biosensors. Even though numerous aptasensors have been reported for the detection of ZEN in recent years, many of them suffer from problems including low sensitivity, low specificity, tedious experimental steps, high-cost, and difficulty of automation. We report here the first evanescent wave optical-fiber aptasensor for the detection of ZEN with unprecedented sensitivity, high specificity, low cost, and easy of automation. In our aptasensor, a 40-nt ZEN-specific aptamer (8Z31) is covalently immobilized on the fiber. The 17-nt fluorophore Cy5.5-labeled complementary DNA strand and ZEN competitively bind with the aptamer immobilized on the fiber, enabling the signal-off fluorescent detection of ZEN. The coating of Tween 80 enhanced both the sensitivity and the reproducibility of the aptasensor. The sensor was able to detect ZEN spiked-in the corn flour extract with a semilog linear detection range of 10 pM-10 nM and a limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 18.4 ± 4.0 pM (equivalent to 29.3 ± 6.4 ng/kg). The LOD is more than 1000-fold lower than the maximum ZEN residue limits set by China (60 μg/kg) and EU (20 μg/kg). The sensor also has extremely high specificity and showed negligible cross-reactivity to other common mycotoxins. In addition, the sensor was able to be regenerated for 28 times, further decreasing its cost. Our sensor holds great potential for practical applications according to its multiple compelling features.
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