Surface engineering of PDMS for improved triboelectrification

Ģērmane, Līva; Lapčinskis, Linards; Iesalnieks, Mairis; Šutka, Andris

doi:10.1039/d2ma01015a

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The observations suggested that for selecting CE pairs according to electron-transfer reactions, the total reaction energy for each combination of materials and deformation range of interest should be considered instead of a single triboelectric series (Tables S1 and S2). Accordingly, the most efficient combination would be APTS/FOTS and APTS/TMSPMA, in agreement with experimental results. , However, a difference in terms of distinctly electropositive electron-transfer reaction energies for PDMS and electronegative CE response according to experimental ref is also observed. To this end, it should be noted that both the O- and Si-terminated residues yield negative electron affinities in distinction to the positive value for a pristine TDMS molecule (Table S3).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Accordingly, the most efficient combination would be APTS/FOTS and APTS/TMSPMA, in agreement with experimental results. 4,22 However, a difference in terms of distinctly electropositive electrontransfer reaction energies for PDMS and electronegative CE response according to experimental ref 3 is also observed. To this end, it should be noted that both the O-and Si-terminated residues yield negative electron affinities in distinction to the positive value for a pristine TDMS molecule (Table S3).…”

Section: Comparison Of Electronegativities and Electropositivitiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Five FMs N -(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (APTS), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA), vinyltrimethoxysilane (VMTS), and FOTSwere selected for the numerical study as examples of electropositive (APTS, APTES) or electronegative (FOTS, TMSPMA, VTMS) materials. In particular, electron-attracting properties can be attributed to APTS and APTES molecules due to the presence of N-containing functional groups, whereas hole-attracting properties can be assumed for FOTS in view of its F-containing functional groups. ,,− , Likewise, VMTS may be considered as an electronegative molecule due to the presence of a carbon–carbon double bond, whereas TMSPMA may yield electronegative properties due to the presence of an acrylate group . Beside these, the set of simulation structures consisted of small oligomers or monomers of the considered polymers: α-methyl-ω-trimethylsilane-tri(dimethylsiloxane) (TDMS), 12-unit oligo(dimethylsiloxane) (ODMS), and di(dimethylsiloxane) (DDMS) representing poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), α-trifluoromethyl-ω-trifluoromethyl-di(tetrafluoroethylene) representing poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), imino(1,6-dioxohexamethylene) iminohexamethylene (A66) representing poly[imino(1,6-dioxohexamethylene) iminohexamethylene] (PA66), and a tetrastyrene (TS) oligomer representing polystyrene.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,7,[10][11][12]21 Likewise, VMTS may be considered as an electronegative molecule due to the presence of a carbon−carbon double bond, whereas TMSPMA may yield electronegative properties due to the presence of an acrylate group. 22 Beside these, the set of simulation structures consisted of small oligomers or monomers of the considered polymers: α-methyl-ω-trimethylsilane-tri(dimethylsiloxane) (TDMS), 12-unit oligo(dimethylsiloxane) (ODMS), and di(dimethylsiloxane) (DDMS) representing poly-(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), α-trifluoromethyl-ω-trifluoromethyl-di(tetrafluoroethylene) representing poly-(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE), imino(1,6-dioxohexamethyl e n e ) i m i n o h e x a m e t h y l e n e ( A 6 6 ) r e p r e s e n t i n g poly[imino(1,6-dioxohexamethylene) iminohexamethylene] (PA66), and a tetrastyrene (TS) oligomer representing polystyrene. The ODMS molecule was employed for simulations of PDMS/APTS and PDMS/FOTS interface structures due to minimum system size considerations and a focus on localized contact effects, whereas DDMS was used for other calculations involving PDMS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Contact Electrification Mechanisms of Selected Polymers and Surface-Functionalized Molecules

Verners,

Das

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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Among the possible alternatives for the improvement of contact electrification for triboelectric energy harvesting purposes, the functionalization of contact surfaces has attracted wide attention due to its versatility and cost-efficiency. Similarly, low-stiffness polymeric materials such as poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are regarded as a promising choice of contact material for the same purpose. However, for defining the most efficient combinations of materials of the aforementioned types, a number of theoretical questions still frequently pose difficulties for practical implementation-related tasks. In this regard, the presented study theoretically assesses the possibilities of consistently selecting optimum performance combinations of contact materials. Here, the optimum is defined as the minimum energy of the charge transfer reaction and, consequently, the maximum density of the predicted triboelectric surface charge. With this aim, the most promising combinations in terms of electron-transfer energies were identified among the candidates of functionalized molecules and polymers. Based on the ordering of materials according to the basic characteristics of charge-transfer reactions�electron and hole affinities�certain differences were observed. These findings indicate that for the materials under consideration, it is not possible to establish a single triboelectric series solely based on a single characteristic. Furthermore, to evaluate the potential compatibility of charge-transfer reaction mechanisms based on electron and material transfer, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted using structures that depict pairs of polymers and self-assembled monolayers of functionalized molecules in contact and separated types of operations. The obtained results indicate that the formation of equally charged free fragments of polymer chains is likely taking place in the contact electrification for N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane/PDMS interfaces. At variance, a contact electrification mechanism by charge-dependent material transfer may occur for 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctyl trimethoxysilane/PDMS interfaces.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Comparison Of Electronegativities and Electropositivitiesmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Contact Electrification Mechanisms of Selected Polymers and Surface-Functionalized Molecules

Verners,

Das

2023

J. Phys. Chem. B

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“…The addition of MCC in the composite correlates to an increase in the roughness, it steadily increased to 175.6 ± 24.5 nm for 70 wt.% MCC composite due to presence of pores and particles on surface. While changes in surface roughness may indeed contribute to increased surface charge density, [ 37,41,42 ] we are confident that the main contributing factor in this case is the difference in mechanical properties due to filler addition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

High Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators from Compostable Cellulose‐Biodegradable Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites

Lapčinskis,

Ģērmane,

Platnieks

et al. 2023

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices are exemplar systems for mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion due to their simplicity and promising performance. However, little attention has been paid to recycling or reusing TENG devices. Indeed, most TENG devices are based on non‐biodegradable polymers, and thus end up in a landfill. Developing biodegradable triboelectric materials is crucial to mitigate negative environmental impacts from their growing use, however, it is challenging to identify such a materials that generate an applicable charge. Herein, such a biodegradable polymer triboelectric pair is demonstrated, by combining poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) films with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) filler. A power density of 143 mW m−2 and a charge density of 1.36 nC cm−2 is measured when contacting pristine PBS with 70 wt% MCC/PBS composite film, which is comparable to polydimethylsiloxane‐based TENGs under identical testing conditions. These devices are shown to degrade via composting at 58 °C over 70 days, enabling long‐term (>10 000 cycle) performance and degradation upon disposal. It is suggested that this approach can be extended to control triboelectric properties for other biodegradable polymers. The technology and concepts developed herein directly address the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for Responsible Consumption & Production and Affordable and Clean Energy.

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Unravelling the Ageing Effects of PDMS‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Xu,

Ye,

Tan

2024

Adv Materials Inter

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Ageing of elastomeric materials in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) often leads to compromised electrical performance and can greatly affect their real‐world application as next‐generation energy harvesters and self‐powered sensors. Herein, the ageing behavior of PDMS‐based TENGs is investigated by probing the dielectric and mechanical properties of the membrane materials. Over time, ageing of PDMS after 17 months is evinced by a decline by 71%, 68% and 52% in open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current and charge transfer, respectively, and an increase by 6.8 times in surface charge decay rate. The reduced electrical performance can be attributed to a decrease in work function, dielectric constant, surface adhesion and heterogeneity in stiffness, as well as an increase in loss tangent. The effect of chemical chain scission on the PDMS surface is confirmed through nearfield infrared nanospectroscopy. This study gives insights into the underlying mechanism behind the ageing of PDMS‐based TENGs, paving the way to future work for ameliorating these ageing‐related issues with the aim to ensure long‐term stability of practical triboelectric devices.

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Surface engineering of PDMS for improved triboelectrification

Abstract: Here we demonstrate the approach for improving the triboelectric charge in contact-separation of identical PDMS contact layers by three orders of magnitude. It is achieved by functionalization with self-assebled monolayers...

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Comparison of Contact Electrification Mechanisms of Selected Polymers and Surface-Functionalized Molecules

Comparison of Contact Electrification Mechanisms of Selected Polymers and Surface-Functionalized Molecules

High Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators from Compostable Cellulose‐Biodegradable Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites

Unravelling the Ageing Effects of PDMS‐Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators

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