“…[16,23,27,28] With these efforts,t he PCE of this solar cell has been improved to around 20 %. [27] Nonetheless,c ompared to the hybrid perovskite,t hese efficient CsPbI 3 solar cells still suffer from large photovoltage deficit due to severe non-radiative charge recombination. [29,30] Currently,e ven introducing surface passivation, the charge lifetime of apure 3D CsPbI 3 in these cells is only in arange of 10-20 ns.…”