Surface Energy Budget at Amdo on the Tibetan Plateau using GAME/Tibet IOP98 Data.

Tanaka, Kenji; Ishikawa, Hirohiko; Hayashi, Taiichi; Tamagawa, Ichiro; Ma, Yaoming

doi:10.2151/jmsj.79.505

Cited by 99 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…CR ¼ ðH þ LEÞ=ðR n À G 0 Þ, the present results show CR ¼ 0.7 and sometimes as low as 0.67. This kind of ''imbalances'' was also found not only from PBL data analysis, but also from sonic-anemometer data analysis (Ma et al, 2000;Tanaka et al, 2001). And the ''imbalance'' is larger in summer than in winter.…”

Section: Local Land Surface Energy Budgetmentioning

confidence: 65%

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Diurnal and inter-monthly variation of land surface heat fluxes over the central Tibetan Plateau area

Fan

Ishikawa

et al. 2004

Theor. Appl. Climatol.

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The energy and water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the Asian monsoon system, which in turn is a major component of both the energy and water cycles of the global climate system. Using field observational data observed from the GAME=Tibet (GEWEX (Global Energy and Water cycle Experiment) Asian Monsoon Experiment on the Tibetan Plateau) and the CAMP=Tibet (CEOP (Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period) Asia-Australia Monsoon Project (CAMP) on the Tibetan Plateau), some results on the local surface energy partitioning (diurnal variation, inter-monthly variation and vertical variation etc.) are presented in this study.The study on the regional surface energy partitioning is of paramount importance over heterogeneous landscape of the Tibetan Plateau and it is also one of the main scientific objectives of the GAME=Tibet and the CAMP=Tibet. Therefore, the regional distributions and their inter-monthly variations of surface heat fluxes (net radiation flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) are also derived by combining NOAA-14=AVHRR data with field observations. The derived results were validated by using the ''ground truth'', and it shows that the derived regional distributions and their inter-monthly variations of land surface heat fluxes are reasonable by using the method proposed in this study.Further improvement of the method and its applying field were also discussed.

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Section: Local Land Surface Energy Budgetmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…6. The distribution maps of land surface heat fluxes for the GAME=Tibet area Ma et al, 1999c;Ma et al, 2000;Tanaka et al, 2001). This point and conclusion (a) clearly show the disagreement of latent heat flux between surface observations and satellite one.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal and inter-monthly variation of land surface heat fluxes over the central Tibetan Plateau area

Fan

Ishikawa

et al. 2004

Theor. Appl. Climatol.

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“…One dimensional energy budget did not balance due to large errors of the latent heat flux through the surface observation and advection in this area. The large error of the measurement on latent heat flux may dpend on the accuracy of the turbulence measurement sensors (Ma et al 1999a;Ishikawa et al 1999;Ma et al 1999c;Ma et al 2000;Tanaka et al 2001). This point and conclusion (a) clearly show the disagreement of latent heat flux between surface observations and satellite one.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some interesting detailed studies concerning the land surface heat fluxes have been reported Tamagawa et al 1999;Tsukamoto et al 1999;Ma et al 1999a;Ma et al 1999c;Yasunari 1999;Kuwagata et al 1999;Ma et al 2000;Koike 2000;Tanaka et al 2001). These researches were, however, on point-level or a local-patch-level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regionalization of Surface Fluxes over Heterogeneous Landscape of the Tibetan Plateau by Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data

Ishikawa

Tsukamoto

et al. 2003

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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In this study, a parameterization method based on NOAA-14/AVHRR data and field observations is described and tested for deriving the regional land surface variables, vegetation variables and land surface heat fluxes over a heterogeneous landscape. As a case study, the method was applied to the Tibetan Plateau area. The regional distribution maps of surface reflectance, MSAVI, vegetation coverage, surface temperature, net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux were determined over the Tibetan Plateau area. The derived results were validated by using the ''ground truth''. The results show that the more reasonable regional distributions and their seasonal variations of land surface variables (surface reflectance, surface temperature), vegetation variables (MSAVI and vegetation coverage), net radiation, soil heat flux and sensible heat flux can be obtained by using the method proposed in this study. However, the approach of deriving regional latent heat flux, and their seasonal variation as the residual of the energy budget, may not be a good method due to the unbalance of energy and the strong advection over the study area. Further improvement of the method was also discussed.

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“…To understand the surface turbulent transfer processes, a number of experimental studies involving the Tibetan Plateau have been conducted in the last four decades. Adequate data were collected by the first Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Meteorological Experiment (QXPMEX) from May to August 1979 (Yeh and Gao 1979), the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) and Asian Monsoon Experiment (GAME)-Tibet experiment from May to August 1998 (Ishikawa et al 1998;Kim et al 2000aKim et al , 2000bTanaka et al 2001;Choi et al 2004;Gao et al 2004Gao et al , 2009and Yang et al 2010), and the second Tibetan Plateau Meteorological Experiment (TIPEX) from May to August 1998 (Bian et al 2002). In addition, related publications focused on diurnal variations in momentum, heat, and water vapor exchanges and on energy balance diagnosis and modeling using data collected from the individual sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in Turbulent Fluxes over Tibetan Plateau and Its Surrounding Areas: Research Note

Bian

Gao

et al. 2012

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The Tibetan field observatories, which are constructed in a project of the Japan International Co-operation Agency in 2007, provide an opportunity to establish four observation sites equipped with same sensors on and around Tibetan plateau for better understanding the monsoon climate features over the Tibetan plateau. By using same analyzing technique, the present paper examines the seasonal and diurnal variations in (1) radiation components, (2) turbulent momentum, heat, water vapor, and CO 2 fluxes, and (3) soil temperature, moisture, and heat flux of the four homogenous sites (BJ at Bu-Jong (Naqu), DL at Da-Li, LZ at Lin-Zhi, and WJ at Wen-Jiang) on and around the Tibetan Plateau, in 2008. Seasonal variation in the sensible heat flux at the BJ site indicate that the sensible heat flux was stronger thereat compared with other sites in spring (March to May). After the monsoon had set, sensible heat flux decreased in all four sites. On the other hand, the seasonal variations in latent heat flux suggest that the latent heat flux increases rapidly with the water content in the soil that rises from March to June at the LZ, DL, and WJ sites. An annual cyclic pattern of CO 2 flux at sites DL and WJ was obvious. Finally, At the sparsely vegetated BJ site the seasonal variation in CO 2 flux was small due to the limited CO 2 absorption in summer and its subsequent limited release in other seasons; and at the very grassy LZ site, the CO 2 absorption responds to seasonal march of monsoon. Energy partitioning dramatically responds to the onset of monsoon at the BJ site.

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Surface Energy Budget at Amdo on the Tibetan Plateau using GAME/Tibet IOP98 Data.

Cited by 99 publications

References 18 publications

Diurnal and inter-monthly variation of land surface heat fluxes over the central Tibetan Plateau area

Diurnal and inter-monthly variation of land surface heat fluxes over the central Tibetan Plateau area

Regionalization of Surface Fluxes over Heterogeneous Landscape of the Tibetan Plateau by Using Satellite Remote Sensing Data

Seasonal Variation in Turbulent Fluxes over Tibetan Plateau and Its Surrounding Areas: Research Note

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