Surface effect of flame treatments on polypropylene

Surface modification and functionalization through the self-assembled monolayer and graft polymerization

“…Surface modification of materials with functional polymers is an important research area in polymer science due to the wide applications of polymers in the fields of adhesion, biomaterials, protective coatings, friction and wear, composites, microelectronics, and thin-film technology [1][2][3]. Generally, these surface-modification methods can be divided into two classes: physical modifications [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and chemical modifications [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

The effects of surface treatments of fibers on the interfacial properties in single-fiber composites

“…The Weibull shape parameter and the Weibull scale parameter were calculated to obtain interfacial shear strengths, and the cumulative distributions of fragment lengths were plotted. XPS spectra were obtained by using a PHI model 548 XPS spectrometer, with the experimental procedures including peak deconvolution described in detail elsewhere [27]. Negative ion SSIMS spectra were recorded on a VG SIMSLAB instrument by the procedure described in ref.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Surface Sulfonated Polypropylene Films

“…This is due to darkening of PP films which can be easily observed even with naked eye. The sulfonation of PP has been found to produce a significant degree of oxidation, formation of C=C double bonds [9] and also surface carbonization.…”

“…where p is the plate perimeter, γ s is the surface energy of the polymer, γ lv is the surface tension of the liquid, γ d s and γ p s are the dispersion and polar components of the surface energy of the polymer and γ d lv and γ p lv are the dispersion and polar components of the surface tension of the liquid, respectively [9].…”