Surface contamination with SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review

Gonçalves, José Artur Teixeira; Silva, Priscilla Gomes da; Reis, Luis Felipe Fonseca; Nascimento, María Säo José; Koritnik, Tom; Paragi, Metka; Mesquita, João R.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149231

Cited by 55 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Gidari et al (2021) observed that SARS-CoV-2 remained viable on plastic and glass for 120 h and stainless steel for 72 h [ 7 ]. In fact, Gonçalves et al (2021) reported that the highest rate of SARS-CoV-2 was found in COVID-19 isolation wards, followed by a single study in a diagnostic laboratory, public transport systems, and long-term care facilities [ 8 ]. Recently, Kampf et al (2020) observed that the detection rate of SARS-CoV was variable on inanimate surfaces (0–75%) of intensive care units, in isolation rooms (1.4–100%), and in general wards (0–61%) [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of UV-C Radiation Efficiency in the Decontamination of Inanimate Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment Contaminated with Phage ϕ6

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To help halt the global spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appropriate disinfection techniques are required. Over the last years, the interest in Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) radiation as a method to disinfect inanimate surfaces and personal protective equipment (PPE) has increased, mainly to efficiently disinfect and prevent SARS-CoV-2 from spreading and allow for the safe reuse of said equipment. The bacteriophage ϕ6 (or simply phage ϕ6) is an RNA virus with a phospholipid envelope and is commonly used in environmental studies as a surrogate for human RNA-enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The present study investigated the use of two new UV irradiation systems ((2)2.4W and (8)5.5W)) constituted by conventional mercury UV-C lamps with a strong emission peak at ~254 nm to potentially inactivate phage ϕ6 on different surfaces (glass, plastic, stainless steel, and wood) and personal protective equipment, PPE, (surgical and filtering facepiece 2, FFP2, masks, a clear acetate visor, and disposable protective clothing). The results showed that both UV-C systems were effective in inactivating phage ϕ6, but the UV-C sterilizing chamber (8)5.5W had the best disinfection performance on the tested surfaces. The inactivation effectiveness is material-dependent on all surfaces, reaching the detection limit of the method at different times (between 60 and 240 s of irradiation). The glass surface needed less time to reduce the virus (30 s) when compared with plastic, stainless, and wood surfaces (60 s). The virus inactivation was more effective in the disposable surgical and FFP2 masks (60 and 120 s, respectively) than in the disposable vest and clear acetate visor (240 s). Overall, this study suggests that UV-C lamps with peak emission at ~254 nm could provide rapid, efficient, and sustainable sanitization procedures to different materials and surfaces. However, dosage and irradiation time are important parameters to be considered during their implementation as a tool in the fight against human coronaviruses, namely against SARS-CoV-2.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of UV-C Radiation Efficiency in the Decontamination of Inanimate Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment Contaminated with Phage ϕ6

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Entretanto, a detecção da presença do material genético viral em superfícies não confirma a viabilidade do vírus, nem a possibilidade de infecção por estes meios. Em outra recente revisão, envolvendo 37 estudos, Gonçalves et al (2021) descrevem que 10,1% das amostras coletadas em áreas não hospitalaras foram detectáveis para o coronavírus e 17,7% das amostras hospitalares identificaram a presença do SARS-Cov-2. Em adição, não foi possível encontrar amostras virais viáveis em 242 amostras considerados detectáveis (positivas) para sua presença.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Assim, faz-se necessário ressaltar a importância da manutenção da limpeza nestes ambientes, com a utilização de água e sabão para a remoção de poeira, secreções ou outras matérias orgânicas, sempre seguida da utilização de algum desinfetante químico como o hipoclorito de sódio ou o álcool 70% (World Health Organization, 2020), o que tem demonstrado ser extremamente eficaz (Gonçalves et al, 2021;Kanamori et al, 2020). Também se prega a utilização de outras medidas de prevenção, como o uso de máscaras, constante higienização das mãos e o distanciamento social, juntamente à ventilação adequada de locais fechados, essencial para minimizar a transmissão do vírus (Islam et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Identificação molecular de SARS-CoV-2 em superfícies ambientais em estabelecimentos de saúde de uma universidade pública no Brasil

Eich¹,

Colombelli²,

Candido³

et al. 2021

S. F. J. of Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Em 11 de março de 2020, a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) decretou a pandemia do COVID-19, causado pelo vírus SARS-CoV-2, responsável por mais de 4,5 milhões de mortes até o momento. Esta nova realidade exigiu respostas por parte das autoridades e da população, a fim de mitigar a propagação do vírus e evitar o colapso do sistema de saúde, assim como estudos de vigilância em saúde, que possibilitaram um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos de transmissão do vírus e possibilitaram identificar zonas de risco dentro de cidades ou ambientes públicos. Este estudo tem o objetivo de identificar a presença do SARS-CoV-2 dentro da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, a qual fornece serviços de saúde para a população local, assim como realizar um controle interno no Laboratório de Bioquímica Molecular (LaBioqMol) da universidade, onde são realizados testes de RT-PCR semanalmente. Foram coletadas 21 amostras de áreas frequentemente tocadas por pessoas, cuja presença do RNA viral e de material genético humano foi identificada por RT-PCR. Em nenhuma das amostras foi detectado a presença do vírus. Entretanto, em 8 (38,1%) das amostras foi verificada a amplificação do gene RNaseP, indicando a presença de células humana. Este estudo auxilia no controle e garantia de qualidade do LaBioqMol e fortalece a visão de que a contaminação do ambiente pelo SARS-CoV-2 é provavelmente menos frequente do que foi anteriormente sugerido no início da pandemia. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) decreed the pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for more than 4.5 million deaths to date. This new reality demanded responses from the authorities and the population in order to mitigate the spread of the virus and avoid the collapse of the health system, as well as health surveillance studies, which enabled a better understanding of the mechanisms of virus transmission and made it possible to identify risk zones within cities or public environments. This study aims to identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2 within the Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, which provides health services to the local population, as well as to perform an internal control at the university's Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory (LaBioqMol), where RT-PCR tests are performed weekly. Twenty-one samples were collected from areas frequently touched by people, and the presence of viral RNA and human genetic material was identified by RT-PCR. In none of the samples was the presence of the virus detected. However, in 8 (38.1%) of the samples the RNaseP gene amplification was verified, indicating the presence of human cells. This study assists in quality control and assurance at LaBioqMol and strengthens the view that environmental contamination by SARS-CoV-2 is probably less frequent than was previously suggested at the beginning of the pandemic.

show abstract

“…The possible factors that may affect the sampling conditions include the presence of RNA-degrading enzymes [23], hydrolysis on wet surfaces [24], and reagents remaining after antivirus treatment such as sodium hypochlorite [25]. Moreover, the status of COVID-19 patients in the vicinity of the sampling area, cleaning and disinfection, sampling procedures, detection methods, contamination rates, sample surface materials and sampling methods are also considered to be among the factors affecting the initial RNA concentration [26]. The negative effect of sampling conditions on NAAT results has not been incorporated into this study and can be considered the limitation of this paper.…”

Section: Sample and Sampling Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of SARS-CoV-2 specific ribonucleic acid in samples for nucleic acid amplification detection

Takeuchi

Yanagisawa²,

Kurosawa³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The degradation of SARS-CoV-2 specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) was investigated by a numerical modeling approach based on nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) results utilizing the SmartAmp technique. The precision of the measurement was verified by the relative standard deviation (RSD) of repeated measurements at each calibration point. The precision and detection limits were found to be 6% RSD (seven repeated measurements) and 94 copies/tube, respectively, at the lowest calibration point. RNA degradation curves obtained from NAAT data on four different temperatures were in good agreement with the first-order reaction model. By referring to rate constants derived from the results, the Arrhenius model was applied to predict RNA degradation behavior. If the initial RNA concentration was high enough, such as in samples taken from infected bodies, the NAAT results were expected to be positive during testing. On the other hand, if initial RNA concentrations were relatively low, such as RNA in residual viruses on environmental surfaces, special attention should be paid to avoid false-negative results. The results obtained in this study provide a practical guide for RNA sample management in the NAAT of non-human samples.

show abstract

Surface contamination with SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review

Cited by 55 publications

References 75 publications

Evaluation of UV-C Radiation Efficiency in the Decontamination of Inanimate Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment Contaminated with Phage ϕ6

Evaluation of UV-C Radiation Efficiency in the Decontamination of Inanimate Surfaces and Personal Protective Equipment Contaminated with Phage ϕ6

Identificação molecular de SARS-CoV-2 em superfícies ambientais em estabelecimentos de saúde de uma universidade pública no Brasil

Degradation of SARS-CoV-2 specific ribonucleic acid in samples for nucleic acid amplification detection

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About