Surface‐Confined Single‐Layer Covalent Organic Framework on Single‐Layer Graphene Grown on Copper Foil

Xu, Lirong; Zhou, Xin; Wang, Tian; Gao, Teng; Zhang, Yan Feng; Lei, Shengbin; Liu, Zhongfan

doi:10.1002/anie.201400273

Cited by 147 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…1c. Compared with the linear GB, reported by Xu et al in COFs formed by benzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (BTA) and p-phenylenediamine (PDA), 33 the loop defect boundary has the lowest energy per dislocation core, suggesting that this defect is likely to form under conditions where mobile dislocations exist. This is consistent with our COF-1 synthesis method, since defect correction within the COF lattice leads to improved structural order under humid synthesis conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective binding in different adsorption sites of a 2D covalent organic framework

et al. 2017

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This study shows that surface-supported two-dimensional (2D) porous covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can selectively bind different molecules at specific sites via different types of interactions. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images collected at the liquid/solid interface reveal the adsorption of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) in the hexagonal pore of a COF-1 template. A well-defined loop boundary formed by a chain of pentagonal and heptagonal pores allowed the investigation of the effect of pore shape and size on TCB adsorption, suggesting that both geometrical and size effects are important in binding TCB.When both C 60 and TCB are present at the solution/solid interface, the TCB molecules are selectively trapped in the pore-site, whereas fullerenes are adsorbed on the top-site of COF-1. While the former structure is stabilized by Cl⋯H hydrogen bonds, the latter is controlled by van der Waals interactions.These results suggest that COFs may offer a powerful platform for the recognition and patterning of guest molecules.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective binding in different adsorption sites of a 2D covalent organic framework

et al. 2017

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“…23 Based on such events, we considered that complexes of the COFs and the CNTs (or graphene) could be a candidate to improve their dispersity and gas uptake. Although there have been several reports on the synthesis of COFs on graphene-deposited substrates using a solvothermal method, 24 to the best of our knowledge, the fabrication of COF composites with bare graphene or CNTs using a facile sonochemical reaction has not yet been reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

In Situ Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) on Carbon Nanotubes and Graphenes by Sonochemical Reaction for CO2 Adsorbents

et al. 2015

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We describe the in situ synthesis of the covalent organic framework-5 (COF-5) on the surfaces of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes having homogeneous CNT@COF-5 coreshell structures using a sonochemical reaction in one pot. CNT@COF-5 was found to show better CO 2 adsorption than the pristine COF-5.Porous materials, especially novel porous materials having high surface areas and easily controllable chemical affinities, have been used in many applications, including gas storage and separation, 13 sensors/sensing, 4 catalysis, etc. 3,5 Metalorganic frameworks (MOFs), referred to as "molecular architectures," are built by the self-assembly of metal ions and organic linkers that form three-dimensional porous structures, and have emerged as one of the more promising materials for gas adsorbents because their pore sizes and chemical affinities are easily controllable by modifying the metals and linkers. 6,7 Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) made by covalent bonding between polyboronic acids and polydiol compounds show properties similar to the MOFs; 8,9 thus, considerable attention has currently been focused on the studies of COFs that have high potential for gas uptake.Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphenes with high surface areas 10,11 have been widely used as nanomaterials in the fields of polymer reinforcements, 12 biological, 13 and electronic applications, 14 due to their remarkable electrical, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. 1519 However, the low dispersity of the CNTs and graphenes due to the strong van der Waals interactions is a drawback of these materials for use in many areas.Aromatic molecules, such as pyrene, anthracene, triphenylene, and porphyrin derivatives, have been used as building blocks for the COFs. 9 Such molecules have a strong affinity for CNTs and graphenes due to strong ππ interactions; 2022 thus, compounds carrying such a moiety have been used as CNT-and graphene-solubilizers. 23 Based on such events, we considered that complexes of the COFs and the CNTs (or graphene) could be a candidate to improve their dispersity and gas uptake. Although there have been several reports on the synthesis of COFs on graphene-deposited substrates using a solvothermal method, 24 to the best of our knowledge, the fabrication of COF composites with bare graphene or CNTs using a facile sonochemical reaction has not yet been reported.Here we describe the preparation of COF-5 materials hybridized with CNTs (denoted as CNT@COF-5) and graphenes (graphene@COF-5) by in situ sonochemical reactions. COF-5, one of the typical COF materials, was chosen, since a sonochemical method 23 is applicable for the synthesis of this COF material in addition to a solvothermal reaction 25,26 and microwave irradiation. 27 Figure 1 shows a schematic drawing for the synthesis of a COF-5-coated CNT (see also Supporting Information (SI)). We also describe the CO 2 uptake experiment results using the prepared hybrid materials.As shown in Figure 2, the synthesized CNT@COF-5 clearly shows a thicker diameter than those of the c...

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“…[39][40][41][42] The Schiff base reaction has been widely applied in dynamic covalent chemistry, [43,44] and it has also been investigated both under UHV and ambient conditions by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). [23][24][25][32][33][34][35] The reactions, particularly those that result in small-molecule imine compounds, can proceed under room temperature, [32,43] whereas for the preparation of high-quality surface 2D polymers, mild heating is normally necessary. An in-depth understanding of the mechanism of the surface-confined reaction-for instance, the effect of monomer diffusion, polarity of the solvent, and so forth-is crucial for improving the quality and properties of the obtained nanostructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies revealed that the number and position of reactive groups, and the symmetry and rigidity of backbones of the precursors play important roles in the resultant structures and morphologies. For instance, selecting proper reactive components can fabricate 1D or branched polymers, [25,[30][31][32][33][34] 2D chiral architectures, [35] and networks with different periods and pore sizes. [21,24] Highly or-dered large-scale 2D surface covalent organic frameworks (COFs) on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) have also been prepared by means of a self-limiting solid-vapor interface reaction method, mild heating under open or closed environments, [36,37] or even by reaction at the solid-liquid interface at room temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of One‐Dimensional Schiff Base Polymers that Contain an Oligothiophene Building Block on the Graphite Surface

Sun

Fan

Yang

et al. 2015

Chemistry A European J

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Surface-mediated Schiff base coupling reactions between oligothiophenes equipped with an aldehyde group and aromatic diamines were investigated on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by means of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) under ambient conditions. To investigate the evolution process from monomers to resultant polymers and the mechanism of reactions, we controlled the ratio of precursors and the reactive temperature, and we obtained high-resolution STM images of different stages of the surface reaction. The results suggest that preferential adsorption of one kind of monomer has a great influence on the on-surface Schiff base reaction.

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Surface‐Confined Single‐Layer Covalent Organic Framework on Single‐Layer Graphene Grown on Copper Foil

Cited by 147 publications

References 45 publications

Selective binding in different adsorption sites of a 2D covalent organic framework

Selective binding in different adsorption sites of a 2D covalent organic framework

In Situ Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) on Carbon Nanotubes and Graphenes by Sonochemical Reaction for CO2 Adsorbents

Synthesis of One‐Dimensional Schiff Base Polymers that Contain an Oligothiophene Building Block on the Graphite Surface

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