Surface Circulation of the Indian Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum, Approximately 18,000 yr B.P.

Prell, Warren L; Hutson, William H.; Williams, Douglas F.; Bé, Allan W. H.; Geitzenauer, Kurt R.; Molfino, B.

doi:10.1016/0033-5894(80)90014-9

Cited by 249 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Overall organic matter concentrations here are much lower despite the fact that this core was recovered from the Oman upwelling area. Globigerina bulloides in NIOP497, generally regarded as an upwelling indicator (Prell et al, 1980;Reichart et al, 1997), increases in abundance at the glacial^Holocene transition ; this is also re£ected in absolute Protoperidinium cyst abundance (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Protoperidinium Cysts Primary Productivity and Upwellingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Late Quaternary Protoperidinium cysts as indicators of paleoproductivity in the northern Arabian Sea

Reichart

Brinkhuis

2003

Marine Micropaleontology

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The reliability of organic-walled cysts of the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Protoperidinium as paleoproductivity indicators and the influence of bottom water oxygenation on cyst preservation is assessed by using Arabian Sea records of the past V125 kyr as a natural laboratory. Multidisciplinary geochemical, micropaleontological and palynological datasets are integrated to analyze the relationship between Protoperidinium cyst concentrations and other paleoproductivity proxies. Differential preservation potential is quantified in order to establish threshold oxidative degradation values for a possible application of quantitative Protoperidinium cyst records in paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Results indicate that variations in Protoperidinium cyst concentration closely correspond to other marine productivity and/or upwelling proxies. Although oxygenation will lead to significant cyst degradation, and thus decreased concentrations, down-core patterns in Protoperidinium cyst concentration still primarily reflect changes in sea surface productivity. In view of differential preservation among dinoflagellate cysts, down-core variations in relative abundance of Protoperidinium should be treated with caution. ß

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Section: Protoperidinium Cysts Primary Productivity and Upwellingmentioning

confidence: 90%

Late Quaternary Protoperidinium cysts as indicators of paleoproductivity in the northern Arabian Sea

Reichart

Brinkhuis

2003

Marine Micropaleontology

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“…They establish their chronology with the Toba ash marker and by assuming that Dansgaard-Oeschger cycles, as described by the GISP2 δ 18 O record (Grootes et al, 1993), are anti-correlated with their δ 18 O record from the Bay of Bengal. The Bay of Bengal, which receives the outflow of major rivers draining the Himalayan mountains and the Indian subcontinent, is very sensitive to changes in the hydrological cycle and continental runoff in South Asia (Prell et al, 1980;Duplessy, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial fluctuations of the Indian monsoon and their relationship with North Atlantic climate: new data and modelling experiments

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Several paleoclimate records such as from Chinese loess, speleothems or upwelling indicators in marine sediments present large variations of the Asian monsoon system during the last glaciation. Here, we present a new record from the northern Andaman Sea (core MD77-176) which shows the variations of the hydrological cycle of the Bay of Bengal. The high-resolution record of surface water δ18O dominantly reflects salinity changes and displays large millennial-scale oscillations over the period 40 000 to 11 000 yr BP. Their timing and sequence suggests that events of high (resp. low) salinity in the Bay of Bengal, i.e. weak (resp. strong) Indian monsoon, correspond to cold (resp. warm) events in the North Atlantic and Arctic, as documented by the Greenland ice core record. We use the IPSL_CM4 Atmosphere-Ocean coupled General Circulation Model to study the processes that could explain the teleconnection between the Indian monsoon and the North Atlantic climate. We first analyse a numerical experiment in which such a rapid event in the North Atlantic is obtained under glacial conditions by increasing the freshwater flux in the North Atlantic, which results in a reduction of the intensity of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. This freshwater hosing results in a weakening of the Indian monsoon rainfall and circulation. The changes in the continental runoff and local hydrological cycle are responsible for an increase in salinity in the Bay of Bengal. This therefore compares favourably with the new sea water δ18O record presented here and the hypothesis of synchronous cold North Atlantic and weak Indian monsoon events. Additional sensitivity experiments are produced with the LMDZ atmospheric model to analyse the teleconnection mechanisms between the North Atlantic and the Indian monsoon. The changes over the tropical Atlantic are shown to be essential in triggering perturbations of the subtropical jet over Africa and Eurasia, that in turn affect the intensity of the Indian monsoon. These relationships are also found to be valid in additional coupled model simulations in which the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is forced to resume.

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“…The main aim of the investigation of this core was to investigate the paleoceanographic changes in the Arabian Sea during the MPT, since numerous studies only document these in great detail from the past 400 000 years (Almogi-Labin et al, 2000;Altabet et al, 2002;Anderson et al, 2002;Budziak et al, 2000;Clemens et al, 1991;Prell, 1990, 2003;Emeis et al, 1995;Gupta et al, 2003;Ishikawa and Motoyoshi, 2007;Ivanova et al, 2003;Jaeschke et al, 2009;Sirocko, 2000, 2003;Lückge et al, 2001;Naidu and Malmgren, 1996;Naidu, 2006;Pattan et al, 2003;Prabhu and Shankar, 2005;Prell et al, 1980;Prell and Campo, 1986;Prell and Kutzbach, 1992;Reichart et al, 1997Reichart et al, , 1998Reichart et al, , 2002Reichart et al, , 2004Rostek et al, 1993Rostek et al, , 1997Saher et al, 2007;Sarkar et al, 1990;Schmiedl and Leuschner, 2005;Schulte et al, 1999;Schulz et al, 1998;Sirocko et al, 1993Sirocko et al, , 1996Wang et al, 2005a). Using a multi-proxy approach, we will report on the complex interplay of summer monsoon upwelling-related productivity changes, OMZ intensity, glacial-interglacial variability in intermediate water contributions, supralysoclinal carbonate dissolution and winter monsoon-related deep-mixing events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 (∼500 000 years ago) has been recognized as atypical in many paleoclimate records and, in particular, it has been connected to an exceptionally strong summer monsoon throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we present a multi-proxy study of a sediment core taken from the Murray Ridge at an intermediate water depth in the northern Arabian Sea that covers the last 750 000 years. Our results indicate that primary productivity conditions were anomalously high during MIS 13 in the Arabian Sea and led to extreme carbonate dissolution and glauconitization in the deep-sea sediments. These observations could be explained by increased wind driven upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters and, hence, by the occurrence of an exceptionally strong summer monsoon event during MIS 13, as it was suggested in earlier studies. However, ice core records from Antarctica demonstrate that atmospheric methane concentrations, which are linked to the extent of tropical wetlands, were relatively low during this period. This constitutes a strong argument against an extremely enhanced global monsoon circulation during MIS 13 which, moreover, is in contrast with results of transient climate modelling experiments. As an alternative solution for the aberrant conditions in the Arabian Sea record, we propose that the high primary productivity was probably related to the onset of an intensive meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition. This may have led to an increased supply of nutrient-rich deep waters into the Indian Ocean euphotic zone, thereby triggering the observed productivity maximum.

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Surface Circulation of the Indian Ocean during the Last Glacial Maximum, Approximately 18,000 yr B.P.

Cited by 249 publications

References 40 publications

Late Quaternary Protoperidinium cysts as indicators of paleoproductivity in the northern Arabian Sea

Late Quaternary Protoperidinium cysts as indicators of paleoproductivity in the northern Arabian Sea

Glacial fluctuations of the Indian monsoon and their relationship with North Atlantic climate: new data and modelling experiments

High Arabian Sea productivity conditions during MIS 13 – odd monsoon event or intensified overturning circulation at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition?

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