Surface chemistry of wet clutch influenced by water contamination in automatic transmission fluids

Fatima, Nowshir; Minami, Ichiro; Holmgren, Allan; Marklund, Pär; Larsson, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2015.04.010

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The hydrolysis/depolymerisation of the (poly)phosphate film formed on the surface is mainly addressed as the root cause of the deleterious influence of the water on ZDDP anti-wear performance [3,6,20,21]. Also, in wet clutch contacts water in lubricant alters the tribofilm chemical composition [22] and adversely affects the frictional properties of the ZDDP-tribofilm [23] where water was added to the lubricant at a concentration of 2.9%.…”

Section: Tribo-chemical Influence Of Water In Lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemical study of micropitting in tribocorrosive lubricated contacts: The influence of water and relative humidity

Soltanahmadi

Morina

Eijk

et al. 2017

Tribology International

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Water ingress into the lubricant as a contaminant affects performance leading to an alteration in wear, corrosion and fatigue behaviour of the tribological components especially in the rolling element bearings. The current study addresses the tribochemical phenomena involved in micropitting in tribocorrosion systems where different levels of dissolved-water are present in a model lubricant. In this study the effect of different temperatures, water concentrations and relative humidities have been investigated on micropitting under rolling/sliding contacts. The influence of free and dissolved water on tribocorrosive micropitting is clarified. The tribochemical change of the reaction films is studied using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) which confirmed that the (poly)phosphate chain length and tribofilm thickness are reduced with increased dissolved-water level.

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Section: Tribo-chemical Influence Of Water In Lubricantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribochemical study of micropitting in tribocorrosive lubricated contacts: The influence of water and relative humidity

Soltanahmadi

Morina

Eijk

et al. 2017

Tribology International

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“…W olejach przekładniowych ATF (ang. automatic transmission fluid), stosowanych w pojazdach z automatycznymi skrzyniami biegów, obecność wody osłabia działanie płynu ATF poprzez zwiększenie tarcia, może zmieniać nasiąkliwość dodatków powierzchniowo czynnych, co może powodować pogorszenie właściwości ciernych (Fatima et al, 2016).…”

Section: Wstępunclassified

Optymalizacja warunków oznaczania wody metodą miareczkowania kulometrycznego z odparowaniem dla olejów smarowych

Jędrychowska¹

2021

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The knowledge of the water content of various petroleum products, including lubricating oils, additives and various innovative products, is important from the point of view of manufacturing, purchasing or selling them, due to the impact on their quality and performance characteristics. In the case of lubricating oils, the presence of water can lead to premature corrosion and wear, the formation of deposits, which leads to reduced lubrication and premature clogging of filters, reduced action of additives or undesirable bacterial growth. The article presents the study on the selection of optimal conditions for the determination of water content by coulometric Karl-Fischer titration with evaporation in lubricating oils. The tests were carried out using a coulometer with a titration cell without a diaphragm by Metrohm, 917 Coulometer model with an automatic sample feeder equipped with a heating chamber 885 Compact Oven Sample Changer. Various types of lubricating oils were selected for testing, namely engine oils of different viscosity classes (5W/40, 10W/40, 15W/40, 5W/30), gear oil, hydraulic oil, turbine oil, base oil and hydraulic fluid. All selected samples of lubricating oils were tested in four different measuring conditions: 110°C and 20 ml/min; 150°C and 50 ml/min, 180°C and 50 ml/min and 150°C and 70 ml/min. It was found that for all the lubricating oils, the best results were obtained with a furnace temperature setting of 150°C and a carrier gas flow of 50 ml/min or 70 ml/min. The influence of various factors, such as the sample weight, the furnace temperature, the carrier gas flow velocity on the test course and the analysis speed, was determined. Increased carrier gas flow of up to 70 ml/min does not shorten the analysis time. In some cases, an increase in the oven temperature may speed up the analysis, but this is quite risky for some samples that decompose at given temperature. It is therefore safer to conduct the test at an oven temperature of 150°C. The speed of analysis is most influenced by an appropriate selection of the sample quantity under analysis. Depending on the water content in the tested sample, the appropriate sample weight should be selected. It should be small enough not to excessively extend the analysis, but also large enough that the amount of titrated water is at least twice as large as in the blank.

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“…Ball-on-disk tests were performed using 52,100 alloy steel balls of 6.5 mm diameter, and AISI 1020 steel disks of 50.8 mm diameter. The disk material used for experimentation is most commonly used as alloy structural steel in ships, vehicles, railways, bridges, and more specifically in power generation applications, mechanical gear and cam shafts that are exposed to rigorous tribological environments [ 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. With the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of the retrofitted tribo-corrosion test rig for oil-based environments, an oil intensive system such as an automobile transmission box was selected as a reference system.…”

Section: Design and Experimentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis of Retrofitted Tribo-Corrosion Test Rig for Monitoring In Situ Oil Conditions

et al. 2017

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Oils and lubricants, once extracted after use from a mechanical system, can hardly be reused, and should be refurbished or replaced in most applications. New methods of in situ oil and lubricant efficiency monitoring systems have been introduced for a wide variety of mechanical systems, such as automobiles, aerospace aircrafts, ships, offshore wind turbines, and deep sea oil drilling rigs. These methods utilize electronic sensors to monitor the “byproduct effects” in a mechanical system that are not indicative of the actual remaining lifecycle and reliability of the oils. A reliable oil monitoring system should be able to monitor the wear rate and the corrosion rate of the tribo-pairs due to the inclusion of contaminants. The current study addresses this technological gap, and presents a novel design of a tribo-corrosion test rig for oils used in a dynamic system. A pin-on-disk tribometer test rig retrofitted with a three electrode-potentiostat corrosion monitoring system was used to analyze the corrosion and wear rate of a steel tribo-pair in industrial grade transmission oil. The effectiveness of the retrofitted test rig was analyzed by introducing various concentrations of contaminants in an oil medium that usually leads to a corrosive working environment. The results indicate that the retrofitted test rig can effectively monitor the in situ tribological performance of the oil in a controlled dynamic corrosive environment. It is a useful method to understand the wear–corrosion synergies for further experimental work, and to develop accurate predictive lifecycle assessment and prognostic models. The application of this system is expected to have economic benefits and help reduce the ecological oil waste footprint.

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Surface chemistry of wet clutch influenced by water contamination in automatic transmission fluids

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Tribochemical study of micropitting in tribocorrosive lubricated contacts: The influence of water and relative humidity

Tribochemical study of micropitting in tribocorrosive lubricated contacts: The influence of water and relative humidity

Optymalizacja warunków oznaczania wody metodą miareczkowania kulometrycznego z odparowaniem dla olejów smarowych

Performance Analysis of Retrofitted Tribo-Corrosion Test Rig for Monitoring In Situ Oil Conditions

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