Surface Chemistries and Photoelectrochemistries of Thin Film Molecular Semiconductor Materials

Arbour, C.; Armstrong, Neal R.; Brina, Rossella; Collins, Greg E.; Danziger, J.; Dodelet, Jean‐Pol; Lee, P.; Nebesny, Kenneth W.; Pankow, Joel; Waite, Sue

doi:10.1080/15421409008047468

Cited by 11 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…28 One should note that this discussion is based on the time scale of our measurements (<1 ns) and may not correlate well with direct device or longer time measurements. However, the proposed active region thickness is on the same order of magnitude as that found in earlier reported device results, which also suggested a 5-10 nm active region at the interface 2,33,[39][40][41] or a very small (6-10 nm) exciton diffusion length. 2,16,39 However, the active region thickness may also depend on the fabrication details of the layers, as suggested by Shevaleevskiy et al 42 A demonstration of possible correlation between the TRTS measurements to device measurements may be obtained for transient data extending out to 0.5 ns.…”

Section: 3637supporting

confidence: 80%

“…These results agree with the reported high binding energies for ZnPc and other small organic films. 2,[32][33][34][35] In addition, exciton diffusion in both the ZnPc and the C 60 bulk layers must be either very slow or nonexistent within the measured time frame (<50 ps) because the differential transmission signal level appears to depend linearly on the interfacial number, and significant deviation from this effect is not observed (see next section).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

et al. 2009

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Multilayer and 1:1 blended films of zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and buckminsterfullerene (C 60 ) were investigated as model active layers for solar cells by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy (TRTS). Relative photon-to-carrier efficiencies were determined from ultrafast decay dynamics of photogenerated carriers using 400 and 800 nm excitation for delay times up to 0.5 ns. The findings are in good agreement with reported solar-cell device measurements, and the results exhibit a near linear increase of the relative efficiencies with the interface number of multilayer films. The relative photon-to-carrier efficiencies of films composed of alternating layers with an individual layer thickness of less than 20 nm were higher than that of a 1:1 blended film. In contrast, 400 nm excitation of a C 60 only film initially yields a relatively strong THz signal that is followed by a rapid (picosecond) decay almost to its base value and results in a very low carrier density beyond a few picoseconds. For a given film thickness and optical density, our data suggest that the relative photon-to-carrier efficiency of multilayer films increases with increasing total interfacial area, emphasizing the importance of close proximity between the fullerene and phythalocyanine. These findings suggest that the highest photon-to-free-carrier efficiencies can be achieved by designing ultrathin films (having layers a few nanometers thick) with alternating multilayer structures to achieve high photon harvesting and charge separation to opposite layers.

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Section: 3637supporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

et al. 2009

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“…In thicker films, excitons which are generated deep in the bulk recombine before reaching an interface and consequently lead to a decrease in the photocurrent yield. [44] However, the situation is quite different in the foam structure films. The porous structures in the PANI foam films increase the specific surface area, creating many interfaces between PANI foams and the electrolyte, which increases the pathways to the ITO contact, which benefits the charge separation significantly.…”

Section: à2mentioning

confidence: 98%

Fabrication of Stable Polyaniline Foams and Their Photoelectric Conversion Behaviors

Heng¹,

Wang²,

Zhai³

et al. 2008

ChemPhysChem

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We report a foaming-polymerization method to prepare stable polyaniline (PANI)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) foams. The formation mechanism of the foam materials is investigated and the photoelectric conversion properties of PANI/PVA foams are studied in detail. The enhancement of photoelectric conversion behavior in foams is achieved, which has potential application in solar cells and nano-electronics devices.

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“…In thicker films, excitons generated deep in the bulk recombine before reaching an interface; consequently, the photocurrent yield decreases. [28] However, the situation is quite different in the ordered structure of the honeycomb film. The porous structures in the PDTG film increase the specific surface area, create many PDTG/electrolyte interfaces and add voids/pathways for electrolyte to contact ITO, which is beneficial for charge separation, so that h d is enhanced.…”

Section: à2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Photocurrent Generation by Honeycomb Structures in Organic Thin Films

et al. 2006

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A light-emitting poly (distyryldimethylbenzene-co-triethylene glycol) rod-coil block copolymer was used to fabricate films with three-dimensionally ordered honeycomb structures by the breath-figure method. Photocurrent generation and photovoltaic performance are studied, and the dependence of photocurrent on applied electric field is investigated. Introducing the ordered porous structure significantly improves the photoelectric conversion behavior, because porous structures not only enhance the light-harvesting efficiency but also benefit charge separation and charge transfer. This phenomenon may have great prospects for enhancing the photovoltaic behavior of organic thin-film devices.

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Surface Chemistries and Photoelectrochemistries of Thin Film Molecular Semiconductor Materials

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Fabrication of Stable Polyaniline Foams and Their Photoelectric Conversion Behaviors

Enhancement of Photocurrent Generation by Honeycomb Structures in Organic Thin Films

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Surface Chemistries and Photoelectrochemistries of Thin Film Molecular Semiconductor Materials

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C60 Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C60 Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Fabrication of Stable Polyaniline Foams and Their Photoelectric Conversion Behaviors

Enhancement of Photocurrent Generation by Honeycomb Structures in Organic Thin Films

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Product

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Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy

Relative Photon-to-Carrier Efficiencies of Alternating Nanolayers of Zinc Phthalocyanine and C₆₀ Films Assessed by Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy