Surface charge decoration methods

Abstract

Charge distribution on layer surface is determined by homogeneity of a layer. Surface charge can also be used for information recording. Charge distribution in layers with high surface potential is investigated by the method of layer decoration in air with tungsten oxide. In such a case, round particles of tungsten oxide from 1 to 10 µm in diameter are formed. The larger the surface charge of a layer, the more rounded are particles of tungsten oxide. In addition, surface charge of a layer stimulates joining of decorating particles into chains. Increase of tangential electric field causes increasingly regular orientation of those chains in the direction of the field. Layers with a lower surface potential are decorated in vacuum with Se islets. This method makes it possible to measure layer surface charge distribution with precision higher than 1 µm. If the decorated layer is charged negatively, action of the surface charge causes Se islets to form chains, whereas positive surface charge causes a decrease of Se islets by a factor of 2 to 7 in comparison with size of Se islets in areas without surface charge. This effect can be used for information recording. Positive surface charge of a layer is arranged in circular zones.

N,N′-Diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine-Based Enamines Containing Reactive Functional Groups as Building Blocks for Electro-Active Polymers

“…Hole drift mobility was measured by the xerographic time of flight technique [12,13]. The samples for the charge carrier mobility measurements were prepared using a procedure described earlier [14].…”