Surface and Thermal Characterization of Cotton Fibers of Phenotypes Differing in Fiber Length

He, Zhongqi; Nam, Sunghyun; Fang, David D.; Cheng, H. N.; He, Jibao

doi:10.3390/polym13070994

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…4B), indicating that a single use of M IR or CI IR index could not classify underdeveloped from developed fibers effectively although their combination improved a separation of NILs (TM-1 vs. im) within underdeveloped or developed fibers. A recent study of the cotton fibers of six phenotypes differing in the fiber length supported the argument (He et al, 2021c).…”

Section: Ciir Involves Two Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

He¹,

Liu²

2021

JCS

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Cotton, one of the most important and widely grown crops in the world, is a well-traded agricultural commodity primarily for textile fiber purposes. In addition, cottonseed (a byproduct of fiber production) has been used as an agro-based raw material for manufacturing bio-friendly and sustainable products. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of cotton biomass products/byproducts is an important research area for quality monitoring, improvement, and enhanced use. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a nondestructive instrumental technique widely used in applied cotton fiber and cottonseed research. This review synthesizes and analyzes the latest developments using FT-IR spectroscopy in investigation of cotton fiber and three cottonseed components (oil, meal/protein, hull) that are impacted by various genetic, cropping, post-harvest processing, and end-use parameters and conditions. Increased knowledge from this review could provide insight and vision in future FT-IR research for the chemistry and quality-evolving mechanisms of these cotton biomass products and their end-uses.

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Section: Ciir Involves Two Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

He¹,

Liu²

2021

JCS

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“…Analysis of the first derivative curves of the TG measurement (DTG) of the kernel samples showed more clearly that the second stage of decomposition processed with three substeps had maximum temperature peaks of around 215 (shoulder), 315 (shoulder), and 380 °C (major peak) ( Figure 5 ). This thermal behavior of cottonseed kernels was more complex than the relative sample DTG curves of cottonseed oil [ 73 ], protein [ 36 ], and fiber [ 30 ]. Furthermore, the DTG curves of the extraction residues (Gd-r and Gl-r) showed different decomposition characteristics with the unnoticeable first shoulder (215 °C), a major peak at 380 °C, and switching the peak at 380 °C to a shoulder.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The butter sample was coated with 3 nm thickness of carbon using a Cressington 208HR Sputter Coater (Watford, England, UK). The cottonseed kernel samples were observed and imaged with a Hitachi S-4800 Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (Hitachi, Japan), operating at 3 kV [ 30 ]. Microscopic images were done on multiple samples with different scales and the representative images were reported.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is one of the non-destructive instrumental techniques widely used in applied cotton fiber, cottonseed, and other cotton biomass research [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. Cottonseed-derived oil [ 33 , 34 ], protein [ 35 , 36 ] and carbohydrate products [ 31 , 37 ] have shown different FTIR features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition and Thermogravimetric Behaviors of Glanded and Glandless Cottonseed Kernels

Nam

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Common “glanded” (Gd) cottonseeds contain the toxic compound gossypol that restricts human consumption of the derived products. The “glandless” (Gl) cottonseeds of a new cotton variety, in contrast, show a trace gossypol content, indicating the great potential of cottonseed for agro-food applications. This work comparatively evaluated the chemical composition and thermogravimetric behaviors of the two types of cottonseed kernels. In contrast to the high gossypol content (3.75 g kg−1) observed in Gd kernels, the gossypol level detected in Gl kernels was only 0.06 g kg−1, meeting the FDA’s criteria as human food. While the gossypol gland dots in Gd kernels were visually observed, scanning electron microcopy was not able to distinguish the microstructural difference between ground Gd and Gl samples. Chemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that Gl kernels and Gd kernels had similar chemical components and mineral contents, but the former was slightly higher in protein, starch, and phosphorus contents. Thermogravimetric (TG) processes of both kernels and their residues after hexane and ethanol extraction were based on three stages of drying, de-volatilization, and char formation. TG-FTIR analysis revealed apparent spectral differences between Gd and Gl samples, as well as between raw and extracted cottonseed kernel samples, indicating that some components in Gd kernels were more susceptible to thermal decomposition than Gl kernels. The TG and TG-FTIR observations suggested that the Gl kernels could be heat treated (e.g., frying and roasting) at an optimal temperature of 140–150 °C for food applications. On the other hand, optimal pyrolysis temperatures would be much higher (350–500 °C) for Gd cottonseed and its defatted residues for non-food bio-oil and biochar production. The findings from this research enhance the potential utilization of Gd and Gl cottonseed kernels for food applications.

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“…The three short cottons of G. raimondii and G. hirsutum Li 1 and Li 2 mutants demonstrated the signature IR spectral peaks of suberin and lignin (Figs 4B and 5B). Another type of short fiber mutant li y also showed the signature IR spectral peaks of suberin [73]. In naturally green colored G. hirsutum, suberin layers were observed in the secondary cell wall in cotton fibers [72,74], and a major lignin precursor and its derivatives were deposited in the suberin layers [75].…”

Section: G Hirsutum Mutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenomics and transcriptomics analyses reveal deposition of suberin and lignin in the short fiber cell walls produced from a wild cotton species and two mutants

et al. 2023

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Fiber length is one of the major properties determining the quality and commercial value of cotton. To understand the mechanisms regulating fiber length, genetic variations of cotton species and mutants producing short fibers have been compared with cultivated cottons generating long and normal fibers. However, their phenomic variation other than fiber length has not been well characterized. Therefore, we compared physical and chemical properties of the short fibers with the long fibers. Fiber characteristics were compared in two sets: 1) wild diploid Gossypium raimondii Ulbrich (short fibers) with cultivated diploid G. arboreum L and tetraploid G. hirsutum L. (long fibers); 2) G. hirsutum short fiber mutants, Ligon-lintless 1 (Li1) and 2 (Li2) with their near isogenic line (NIL), DP-5690 (long fibers). Chemical analyses showed that the short fibers commonly consisted of greater non-cellulosic components, including lignin and suberin, than the long fibers. Transcriptomic analyses also identified up-regulation of the genes related to suberin and lignin biosynthesis in the short fibers. Our results may provide insight on how high levels of suberin and lignin in cell walls can affect cotton fiber length. The approaches combining phenomic and transcriptomic analyses of multiple sets of cotton fibers sharing a common phenotype would facilitate identifying genes and common pathways that significantly influence cotton fiber properties.

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Surface and Thermal Characterization of Cotton Fibers of Phenotypes Differing in Fiber Length

Cited by 15 publications

References 52 publications

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

Chemical Composition and Thermogravimetric Behaviors of Glanded and Glandless Cottonseed Kernels

Phenomics and transcriptomics analyses reveal deposition of suberin and lignin in the short fiber cell walls produced from a wild cotton species and two mutants

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