Surface and structural changes in wet ground minerals

Comparison of Particle Shapes of Conventionally Ground Barite, Calcite and Talc Minerals by Dynamic Imaging Technique: A Review

“…This difference in the trends could be attributed to not only different breakage actions of ball and rod milling and grinding conditions used but also to different type of materials and their crystal structure cleavage. This is in good agreement with the previously reported studies [40][41][42][43][44][45]. Fig.…”

Effects of wet ball milling on lead stabilization and particle size variation in municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash

“…1 shows that although the reduction of the main particle sizes was limited, the majority of the milling energy was used to destroy the crystalline structure of the fly ash particles. This decrease in inten- sity is presumed to be due to the introduction of a certain degree of crystal deformation, causing changes in the crystal grain size and leading to the development of amorphization [12,21]. The amorphization of ground particles can be regarded as the result of the constantly increasing number of defects that are due to the deformation of the crystalline structure by milling.…”

Suppressing Heavy Metal Leaching through Ball Milling of Fly Ash

“…As a result, the particle size greatly decreased, accompanying with rising BET (Figure 3). Particles are repeatedly fragmented and again aggregated, forming many fresh surfaces and significantly increasing surface energy, accumulating crystalline deformation and vacancies and leading to amorphisation of crystals [16,27] as shown in Figure 2. Thus, the particles are activated by high energy ball milling, which is defined as mechanical activation, and the diffusivity of various compounds is largely enhanced [12,28].…”