Surface Analysis Studies on Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Atomic Force Microscope

Ulaganathan, Mani; Nithya, R.; Rajendran, S.

doi:10.5772/34948

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The year 2013 marked the complete three decades (1973) of the invention of polymer electrolyte by Fenton and co-workers (Gu et al, 2000;Kumar & Sundari, 2010;Zhang et al, 2006;Yang, 2004;Ragavendran et al, 2004;Tripath et al, 2012;Ulaganathan et al, 2012;Kuo et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2013;Noor et al, 2010) and Armand (Ragavendran et al, 2004;Zhang et al, 2006). Ever since then, research on polymer electrolyte has become very elaborate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their conductivity depends on the compactness of the solvent in the region that is being puffed up (Ulaganathan et al, 2012). And lastly (iii) the Solvent Free Polymer Electrolytes (SFPE): These are polymer salt complex, which is formed by complexes between salts of alkali metals and polymer containing solvating hetroatoms, example; O, S and N (Ulaganathan et al, 2012). The complexation between poly ethylene oxide (PEO) and alkali metal salts is a good example of SFPE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dry conditions, they have low conductivity of about 10 -10 -10 -15 Scm -1 but in the presence of dielectric solvent such as water, there conductivities do improve (Ulaganathan et al, 2012). (ii) Solvent Swollen Polymer Electrolytes (SSPE): -In SSPE, solvents, both aqueous and non-aqueous swells the host polymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the dopant ionic solutes such as H 3 PO 4 is hosted in the swollen lattice thereby permitting the movement of ions in the solvent swollen region of the polymer host. Their conductivity depends on the compactness of the solvent in the region that is being puffed up (Ulaganathan et al, 2012). And lastly (iii) the Solvent Free Polymer Electrolytes (SFPE): These are polymer salt complex, which is formed by complexes between salts of alkali metals and polymer containing solvating hetroatoms, example; O, S and N (Ulaganathan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conductivity Studies and Characterizations of PVA-Orthophosphoric Electrolytes

Sa'adu¹,

Hashim²,

Baharuddin³

2014

JMSR

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Solid polymer electrolyte (SPEs) has drawn great attention nowadays, particularly in the field of science and applied science, specifically, those used as separators in industries and researchers for the assemblage of some "classified batteries" and super capacitors. In this report, we present the grandeur of this SPE (pure type), particularly at room temperature, such that, it can be applied as an electrolyte as well as a separator in supercapacitor fabrication. The SPEs were produced from the composition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and Phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), such that, the PVA samples were kept constant while the phosphoric acid was varied at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 wt. %. After the experimentation, the pure polymers show excellent results in term conductivity, in that, it has recorded a conductivity as high as 2.56 x 10 -3 Scm -1 at the compositions of 70 wt. %. Aside that, we also observed that, the bulk moduli (R b ) value decreases with the increase in concentration, with pure solid polymer electrolyte (PSPE) recording 2.5 Ω at the highest composition of 70 wt. %.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conductivity Studies and Characterizations of PVA-Orthophosphoric Electrolytes

Sa'adu¹,

Hashim²,

Baharuddin³

2014

JMSR

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“…The ionic conductivity (σ) was calculated using the equation of σ = l/(R B A), where l is the thickness of the polymer electrolyte film, A is the surface area of the film (A = π r 2 = π (0.80 cm 2 ) 2 = 2.01 cm 2 ) and R B is the bulk resistance value, which can be calculated from the intercept on the real axis (Z' axis) [7][8]. FIGURE 1 shows the plot for ionic conductivity of PU40 and PU4 at room temperature at varying percentage of LiCF 3 SO 3 .…”

Section: Ionic Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of plasticized palm-based polyurethane solid polymer electrolyte

Daud

Ahmad²,

Badri³

2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Enhanced performance of Mindel membranes by incorporating conductive polymer and inorganic modifier for application in direct methanol fuel cells

Ramachandran

Arthanareeswaran

Ismail

et al. 2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES), polyaniline (PANI), and Cloisite 15 A ® were used as modifiers for the fabrication of Mindel composite polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs). Pristine Mindel and Mindel composite PEMs were fabricated by the solution intercalation technique. The presence of modifiers in the Mindel membrane matrix was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies. The primary characteristics of pristine Mindel and Mindel PEMs such as water uptake, methanol uptake, proton conductivity ion-exchange capacity (IEC), and chemical and mechanical stability were evaluated. The pore size of Mindel/SPES/Cloisite 15 composite PEM was increased owing to the addition of SPES and Cloisite 15. The higher proton conductivity of 4.323 × 10 −4 S cm −1 , enhanced IEC of 0.482 mequiv. g −1 , and maximum water uptake (%) of 38.12 were noted for Mindel/SPES/Cloisite membrane. Membrane selectivity of all Mindel PEMs was enhanced by the addition of modifiers. The results of this study indicate that Mindel composite membranes could be utilized as PEMs for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).

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Surface Analysis Studies on Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Using Scanning Electron Microscope and Atomic Force Microscope

Cited by 23 publications

References 44 publications

Conductivity Studies and Characterizations of PVA-Orthophosphoric Electrolytes

Conductivity Studies and Characterizations of PVA-Orthophosphoric Electrolytes

Preparation and characterization of plasticized palm-based polyurethane solid polymer electrolyte

Enhanced performance of Mindel membranes by incorporating conductive polymer and inorganic modifier for application in direct methanol fuel cells

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