Surface Activation of High Performance Polymer Fibers: A Review

Gleißner, Carolin; Landsiedel, Justus; Bechtold, Thomas; Pham, Tung

doi:10.1080/15583724.2022.2025601

Cited by 38 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 147 publications

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“…PES hydrolysis via thermochemical treatment was initiated by hydroxyl ions from NaOH that attacked electron-deficient carbonyl carbons, e.g., CC, C–O, C–O–C of the PES chains to form an intermediate anion . The reaction rate sped up when the temperature reached 60 °C .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Washing Durability and Electrical Longevity of Conductive Polyaniline-Grafted Polyester Fabrics

Aizamddin,

Mahat

2023

ACS Omega

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The demand for wearable electronics has driven the development of conductive fabrics, particularly those incorporating polyaniline (PANI) that is known for its high electrical conductivity, flexibility, and ease of fabrication. However, the limited stability and durability of the conductive fabric, especially during washing, present significant challenges. The drawbacks can be traced by weak physical attachment between the fabric and the conductive coating, leading to a decrease in conductivity over time. These drawbacks significantly impact the fabric's functionality and performance, highlighting the need for effective solutions to enhance its stability and durability. This study focuses on addressing these challenges by employing a thermochemical treatment. A hydrophilic surface of the polyester fabric is obtained after the treatment (hydrolysis), followed by grafting of PANI on it. The adhesion between PANI and the polyester fabrics was found to be enhanced, as proved by contact angle analysis. Furthermore, the PANI-hydrolyzed fabrics (treated) demonstrated stable conductivity (∼10 −3 S cm −3 ) even after 10 washing cycles, showcasing their excellent durability. In comparison, the unhydrolyzed PANI fabric experienced a drop in conductivity by three orders of magnitude. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy via N 1s core line spectra showed chemical shifts and quantified the level of doping through PANI's protonation level. We found that PANI-hydrolyzed fabrics preserved their dedoping level from 44.77 to 42.68%, indicating improved stability and extension of their electrical properties' lifetime after washing as compared to unhydrolyzed (untreated) fabrics, from 36.99 to 26.61%. This investigation demonstrates that the thermochemical approach can effectively enhance the durability of conductive PANI fabrics, enabling them to withstand the washing process while preserving their electrical endurance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Washing Durability and Electrical Longevity of Conductive Polyaniline-Grafted Polyester Fabrics

Aizamddin,

Mahat

2023

ACS Omega

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“…These methods are tedious and require specialized equipment and several steps. Alternatively, polymer grafting can be accomplished via functionalization of the surface of the inert material by formation of reactive moieties, such as hydroxyl or carboxylic groups, C–H insertion cross-linking (CHic), and others, which can generate a wide range of polymer layers and microstructures on a broad spectrum of surfaces. ,, …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, polymer grafting can be accomplished via functionalization of the surface of the inert material by formation of reactive moieties, such as hydroxyl or carboxylic groups, C−H insertion cross-linking (CHic), and others, which can generate a wide range of polymer layers and microstructures on a broad spectrum of surfaces. 3,10,11 Covalent grafting of polycations with primary and secondary amino groups onto engineered surfaces endowed with groups containing active hydrogen is readily accomplished by using the amine moieties with or without surface activation. Previously, we have demonstrated that spray-coating of the nylon−cotton (NYCO), rayon, and poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (Kevlar 119) fibers pretreated with phosphoric acid with isocyanate resulted in covalent bonding of the resulting polyurethane with the hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonleaching Biocidal N-Halamine-Functionalized Polyamine-, Guanidine-, and Hydantoin-Based Coatings

Bromberg,

Magariños,

Concheiro

et al. 2024

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Fibrous materials with inherent antimicrobial properties can help in real-time deactivation of microorganisms, enabling multiple uses while reducing secondary infections. Coatings with antiviral polymers enhance the surface functionality for existing and potential future pandemics. Herein, we demonstrated a straightforward route toward biocidal surface creation using polymers with nucleophilic biguanide, guanidine, and hydantoin groups that are covalently attached onto a solid support. Biocidal poly(N-vinylguanidine) (PVG) and poly(allylamine-co-4-aminopyridine-co-5-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)hydantoin) (PAH) were introduced for coating applications along with commercially available polyvinylamine (PVAm) and poly(hexamethylene biguanide) (PHMB). Nonleaching coatings were created by first fabricating bifunctional siloxane or isocyanate precursor coatings on the cotton, nylon–cotton, and glass fiber fabric, followed by the polymer attachment. The developed grafting methods ensured the stability of the coating and the reuse of the material while maintaining the biocidal properties. Halogenation of polymer-coated fabric was conducted by aqueous solutions of sodium hypochlorite or in situ generation of hypobromous acid (HOBr), resulting in surfaces coated by N-halamines with high contents of active > N–Cl or > N–Br groups. The polymer-coated fabrics were stable in multiple laundry cycles and maintained hydrophilic character after coating and halogenation. Halogenated polymer-coated fabrics completely inactivated human respiratory coronavirus based on a contact-killing mechanism and were shown to be reusable after recharging with bromine or chlorine.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] It can be widely used in many fields such as individual protection, high-temperature filtration, aerospace, and electrical insulation. [7][8][9][10][11] However, these PMIA polymers DOI: 10.1002/macp.202300100 are difficult to process because of strong interactions of the hydrogen bonding and 𝜋-𝜋 stacking between the polymer chain of these aramids which make them insoluble in organic solvents. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Moreover, the special structure of PMIA will also cause stiffness, [18,19] which is not welcome for customers considering its most common application in protective clothing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of Flexible Meta‐Aramid Modified with 4,4′‐Methylenedianiline

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2023

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Meta‐aramids (poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide), PMIA) have excellent flame, heat resistance, and electrical insulation. However, the rigid molecular backbone of PMIA and the strong hydrogen bonding force between its molecular chains make it poorly flexible, soluble, and processed. In this study, a series of modified PMIA containing methylene groups on the main chain (APMIA‐n, where n is the molar fraction of 4,4′‐methylenedianiline (MDA) in m‐phenylenediamine, and n = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20) is synthesized by introducing different ratios of MDA into PMIA by copolymerization. APMIA‐n films are prepared by the solution casting method. The results show some improvement in the solubility of APMIA‐n in polar organic solvents such as N,N‐dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. With the increase of the molar fraction of MDA, the tensile modulus of obtained APMIA‐n films decrease from 4.62 to 2.98 GPa, indicating that the flexibility of the films is evidently increased. APMIA‐n films are self‐extinguishing which suggests that the addition of MDA during copolymerization has a slight influence on the flame resistance of the synthesized PMIA. Moreover, APMIA‐n films containing MDA components exhibit good optical transparency, which may expand the application of PMIA in more fields such as packaging and screen display.

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Surface Activation of High Performance Polymer Fibers: A Review

Cited by 38 publications

References 147 publications

Enhancing the Washing Durability and Electrical Longevity of Conductive Polyaniline-Grafted Polyester Fabrics

Enhancing the Washing Durability and Electrical Longevity of Conductive Polyaniline-Grafted Polyester Fabrics

Nonleaching Biocidal N-Halamine-Functionalized Polyamine-, Guanidine-, and Hydantoin-Based Coatings

Synthesis and Characterization of Flexible Meta‐Aramid Modified with 4,4′‐Methylenedianiline

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