Surely we know all about cement – don't we?

Sharp, J. H.

doi:10.1179/174367606x115904

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…These arise from the poorly ordered and partially cross-linked CSH component produced by hydration of the C 3 S phase. The stoichiometry of CSH (e.g., Ca/Si ratio) depends on the concentration of calcium hydroxide in the aqueous solution, which affects the resulting structure of the CSH product . The relatively high Ca:Si ratios (ca.…”

Section: Silicate Species In White Portland Cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cement as a material of construction has been in use since ancient times, evolving from the Egyptian civilization and with building examples from the Romans standing to this day . Portland cement was formulated and patented in 1824 and has since become one of the most extensively used engineering materials, primarily as the major component of concrete.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Silicate and Aluminate Species in Anhydrous and Hydrated Cements

et al. 2010

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The compositions and molecular structures of anhydrous and hydrated cements are established by using advanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy methods to distinguish among different molecular species and changes that occur as a result of cement hydration and setting. One- and two-dimensional (2D) solid-state (29)Si and (27)Al magic-angle spinning NMR methodologies, including T(1)-relaxation-time- and chemical-shift-anisotropy-filtered measurements and the use of very high magnetic fields (19 T), allow resonances from different silicate and aluminate moieties to be resolved and assigned in complicated spectra. Single-pulse (29)Si and (27)Al NMR spectra are correlated with X-ray fluorescence results to quantify the different crystalline and disordered silicate and aluminate species in anhydrous and hydrated cements. 2D (29)Si{(1)H} and (27)Al{(1)H} heteronuclear correlation NMR spectra of hydrated cements establish interactions between water and hydroxyl moieties with distinct (27)Al and (29)Si species. The use of a (29)Si T(1)-filter allows anhydrous and hydrated silicate species associated with iron-containing components in the cements to be distinguished, showing that they segregate from calcium silicate and aluminate components during hydration. The different compositions of white Portland and gray oilwell cements are shown to have distinct molecular characteristics that are correlated with their hydration behaviors.

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Section: Silicate Species In White Portland Cementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Silicate and Aluminate Species in Anhydrous and Hydrated Cements

et al. 2010

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“…Since the introduction of modern Portland cement by Joseph Aspdin, a British mason, in 1824-the material has undergone series of refinement and now known to be the most commonly utilized binding agent for the formation of concrete and mortar for the global construction industry [1]. Hydraulic cement, also known as Portland cement, has successfully been used for the construction of major structural works including bridges, pavements, dams, high rise building and residential apartment, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Curing Environment on the Strength Properties of Cement and Cement Extenders

Bediako¹,

Kevern²,

Amankwah³

2015

MSA

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Curing of cement based products such as concrete and mortar, is very important to achieve good strength and durable products. However the curing environment plays a pivotal role in the overall quality of cement based products in terms of strength development. ASTM C192 allows moist curing either in a fog room or under water. However, these must meet ASTM C511 which controls temperature, and specifically for water curing, the concentration of calcium ions in the curing solution. Unfortunately in many parts of the world, water curing literally means curing in tap water. This is done primarily because there is a lack of knowledge or ignorance regarding the mobility and roll of calcium hydroxide in the curing process. To illustrate the differences, in this study, straight ASTM Type I/II Portland cement and that mixed with powdered waste clay bricks as a cement extender were used to prepare two different batches of mortars. The chemical properties of the powdered waste clay brick met the ASTM C618 standard specifications for Class N pozzolans. Both mortar specimens were cured under two different environment comprising of either water and lime saturated water. Mortar specimens were tested for compressive strength at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days of either curing conditions. Test results indicated that mortar specimens cured in lime saturated water obtained higher strength than those cured in fresh water at all ages of curing. Statistical inference drawn from ANOVA testing showed that curing conditions had significant impact on strength development of the blended and unblended cement systems. The study recommends that testing of concrete and mortar samples and other research related works be performed in lime saturated water other than fresh water. * Corresponding author. M. Bediako et al. 34

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“…2 The question mark throws this assertion into doubt. If we knew all there was to know about this most ubiquitous material then there would be no need for any further research.…”

Section: Innovative Analysis and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%