Supraorbital Notch/Foramen in Sri Lankan Skulls: Morphometry and Surgical Relevance

Ilayperuma, Isurani; Nanayakkara, Ganananda; Palahapitiya, Nadeeka

doi:10.4067/s0717-95022014000200009

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…while SOF in 26% [3,6,13,14,15,25,29]. However, Thunyacharoen et al [22] and Woo et al [29] found a higher incidence of SOF than SON.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Onashko,

Vovk,

Pauza

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose To estimate the morphometric characteristics of the facial foramina in three facial types according to the upper facial index. Methods The study was conducted on fifty-two dry adult human skulls and 60 computed tomography. Based on the upper facial index all samples were divided into Euryene, Mesene, and Leptene types of face. The distance between middle facial line (MFL) and supraorbital foramen/supraorbital notch (SOF/SON), infraorbital foramen (IOF), and mental foramen (MF) were measured in all types and overall. Indications of the distances between the collateral facial foramina were obtained. In addition, the distances between SOF/SON and IOF, IOF and MF were estimated. The standard statistical analysis was performed. Results In overall, the mean distance SOF/SON-MFL was 19.6 ± 2.4 mm, IOF-MFL 21.9 ± 2.5 mm, and MF-MFL 21.6 ± 2.1 mm. The average distance between the collateral supraorbital foramina was 44.2 ± 6.4 mm, between the infraorbital foramina 47.9 ± 4.2 mm, and 43.6 ± 2.5 mm between the mental foramina, respectively. The distances supraorbital foramen-infraorbital foramen and infraorbital foramen-mental foramen in the present study was found to be 41.5 ± 3.2 mm and 61.2 ± 4.9 mm, respectively. Conclusion The data obtained may be particularly helpful while performing surgical operations, local anaesthesia, or aesthetic procedures in the projection of facial foramina.

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“…while SOF in 26% [3,6,13,14,15,25,29]. However, Thunyacharoen et al [22] and Woo et al [29] found a higher incidence of SOF than SON.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Onashko,

Vovk,

Pauza

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A fairly comprehensive anatomical knowledge on the SOF/N is necessary in flap reconstructions used in upper eyelid lift surgeries (blepharoplasty) and forehead surgeries. The frequency of the occurrence of SOF/ N in the shape of foramen and notch varies considerably in different populations (Rehman et al, 2012;Tomaszewska et al, 2012;Ilayperuma et al, 2014). Symmetry is an indication of beauty and attractiveness in the human face and there are many studies on sex and age-related changes in the face (Ferrario et al, 1994;Ferrario et al, 2001;Baudouin & Tiberghien, 2004;Zaidel & Cohen, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of the Relationship between the Golden Ratio and Anatomical Characteristics of the Supraorbital Foramen in Bare Skulls Belonging to the Byzantine Era and Modern Era

et al. 2016

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BAKIRCI, S.; KAFA, I. M.; COSKUN, I.; BUYUKUYSAL, M. C. & BARUT, C.A comparison of the relationship between the golden ratio and anatomic characteristics of the supraorbital foramen in bare skulls belonging to the byzantine era and modern era. Int. J. Morphol., 34(2):671-678, 2016. SUMMARY:The aim of the present study is to determine the frequency of the occurrence of supraorbital foramen/notch (SOF/ N) in the skulls of the people who lived in the modern era and the late Byzantine era, to determine the symmetry and the asymmetry between the two halves of the skulls by measuring the linear distance to various landmarks, to check the consistency between the location of the SOF/N and the golden ratio by calculating the ratio between linear distances and to evaluate the differences between the skulls from both historical periods. In the study, the frequency of the occurrence of the supraorbital notch in the skulls from the Byzantine era was found to be 26.60 % on the right and 13.30 % on the left while it was 14.30 % on the right and 9.52 % on the left in the skulls belonging to modern humans. In the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era, the average distance between SOF/N and the sagittal axis passing along the lateral orbital wall was found to be 34.81±2.51 mm and 32.99±2.81 mm respectively on the right and the left while it was 33.14±2.19 mm and 33.39±2.06 mm in the skulls belonging to modern era. The average distance between the SOF/N and the sagittal plane passing along the midline of the skull was found to be 24.55±2.79 mm and 21.57±2.44 mm on the right and the left respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era while it was 0.04±3.30 mm and 20.96±2.37 mm in the skulls belonging to the modern era. The average distance between the SOF/N and sagittal plane passing along the medial orbital wall was found to be 23.78±3.60 mm and 23.81±3.20 mm on the right and the left respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era while it was found to be 22.23±3.29 mm and 23.97±1.93 mm in the skulls belonging to the modern era. The average value of the distance between the sagittal planes passing along the lateral and medial sides of the orbit and the ratios between the distance from SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the lateral side of the orbit was found to be 1.47±0.21 mm and 1.60±0.08 mm respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era and the modern era. No significant difference was found between this ratio and the golden ratio; the average value of the ratios between the distance from the SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the midline of the skull and the distance from the SOF/N to the sagittal plane passing along the lateral side of the orbit was found to be 0.98±0.26 mm and 1.04±0.36 mm respectively in the skulls belonging to the Byzantine era and the modern era. A significant difference was found between this ratio and the golden ratio for both historical periods (modern society and late Byzantine period) (p <0.005). The comparison of the relevant anatomic characteristics of...

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Dimension, Location and Clinical Importance of Supraorbital Foramen and Notch: A Combined Cadaveric and Dry Skull Study

Kabakcı,

Bozkır

2024

Aesth Plast Surg

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Purpose The exit points of the supraorbital nerve and its branches hold significant importance in various medical procedures, including supraorbital endoscopic surgeries, forehead–facial aesthetic plastic surgeries, medical aesthetic applications and maxillofacial surgeries. Therefore, the primary objective of the present study was to precisely define the dimension, location and clinical significance of the supraorbital foramen/notch. By doing so, we aimed to enhance our understanding of this anatomical structure and its implications for surgical and aesthetic interventions in the supraorbital region. Methods For our study, we conducted anatomical dissections and bone measurements to assess the significance of anatomical variations of the supraorbital foramen/notch. We utilized a sample consisting of 28 cadavers and 38 skulls. The supraorbital foramen/notch was bilaterally analyzed in all 28 cadavers and 38 dry bones. We morphometrically analyzed the distance between the supraorbital foramen/notch and various anatomical landmarks, including the nasion, supraorbital margin, infraorbital margin, temporal crest, glabella, frontal cavity and midline of the face. Additionally, we measured the distance between the supraorbital foramen/notches and the frontal foramen/notches, and the width of the supraorbital foramen/notch and the distance between both supraorbital foramina/notches. Results There are 32 (57.14%) supraorbital foramina, and the remaining are 24 (42.86%) supraorbital notches in cadavers and there are 36 (47.37%) supraorbital foramina, and the remaining are 40 (52.63%) supraorbital notches in skulls. We observed consistency in the dimension and location values of anatomical measurement parameters between cadavers and dry skulls on both right and left sides, with the exception of the parameter "distance from temporal crest" (p=0.042). Furthermore, our correlation analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between the right and left sides across all parameters, except for the following instances: in dry skulls, "distance from supraorbital margin" and in cadaver parameters, "distance from temporal crest, " "distance from frontal cavity" and "width." Conclusion In our study, we observed that the distributions of supraorbital foramina and notches were nearly similar. Furthermore, our findings indicated comparable measurements between the right and left sides in both cadavers and skulls. These results suggest a degree of consistency in supraorbital anatomy within our study sample, regardless of the specimen type (cadavers or skulls) or laterality (right or left side). No Level Assigned This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266

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Supraorbital Notch/Foramen in Sri Lankan Skulls: Morphometry and Surgical Relevance

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

Morphologic Analysis of Facial Foramina in Three Facial Types: A Study on Dry Skulls and CT-Scans

A Comparison of the Relationship between the Golden Ratio and Anatomical Characteristics of the Supraorbital Foramen in Bare Skulls Belonging to the Byzantine Era and Modern Era

Dimension, Location and Clinical Importance of Supraorbital Foramen and Notch: A Combined Cadaveric and Dry Skull Study

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