“…This unique property of CMCB could be exploited for long-term bioimaging of tumors. This data are in stark contrast with the synthetic imaging agents that their signals decreased fast as they were rapidly metabolized and eliminated 40 . The results demonstrate the potential of CMCB to serve as an efficient tool for tumor imaging.Fig.…”
Section: Resultscontrasting
confidence: 58%
“…In view of the capabilities of both fluorescence protein expression and tumor colonization specificity, we further evaluated the potential of CMCB to serve as tumor imaging agents. Conventional small molecular dyes as well as nanoprobes always suffer from short in vivo half-life and lack of targeting ability 40,41 . Here, two tumor-bearing mice models including breast cancer 4T1 and colon cancer CT26 were used for bioimaging assessments by in vivo imaging.…”
Bacteria have been extensively utilized for bioimaging, diagnosis and therapy given their unique characteristics including genetic manipulation, rapid proliferation and disease site targeting specificity. However, clinical translation of bacteria for these applications has been largely restricted by their unavoidable side effects and low treatment efficacies. Engineered bacteria for biomedical applications ideally need to generate only a low inflammatory response, show slow elimination by macrophages, low accumulation in normal organs, and almost unchanged inherent bioactivities. Here we describe a set of stealth bacteria, cell membrane coated bacteria (CMCB), meeting these requirement. Our findings are supported by evaluation in multiple mice models and ultimately demonstrate the potential of CMCB to serve as efficient tumor imaging agents. Stealth bacteria wrapped up with cell membranes have the potential for a myriad of bacterial-mediated biomedical applications.
“…This unique property of CMCB could be exploited for long-term bioimaging of tumors. This data are in stark contrast with the synthetic imaging agents that their signals decreased fast as they were rapidly metabolized and eliminated 40 . The results demonstrate the potential of CMCB to serve as an efficient tool for tumor imaging.Fig.…”
Section: Resultscontrasting
confidence: 58%
“…In view of the capabilities of both fluorescence protein expression and tumor colonization specificity, we further evaluated the potential of CMCB to serve as tumor imaging agents. Conventional small molecular dyes as well as nanoprobes always suffer from short in vivo half-life and lack of targeting ability 40,41 . Here, two tumor-bearing mice models including breast cancer 4T1 and colon cancer CT26 were used for bioimaging assessments by in vivo imaging.…”
Bacteria have been extensively utilized for bioimaging, diagnosis and therapy given their unique characteristics including genetic manipulation, rapid proliferation and disease site targeting specificity. However, clinical translation of bacteria for these applications has been largely restricted by their unavoidable side effects and low treatment efficacies. Engineered bacteria for biomedical applications ideally need to generate only a low inflammatory response, show slow elimination by macrophages, low accumulation in normal organs, and almost unchanged inherent bioactivities. Here we describe a set of stealth bacteria, cell membrane coated bacteria (CMCB), meeting these requirement. Our findings are supported by evaluation in multiple mice models and ultimately demonstrate the potential of CMCB to serve as efficient tumor imaging agents. Stealth bacteria wrapped up with cell membranes have the potential for a myriad of bacterial-mediated biomedical applications.
“…20 Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), one of the most common non-ionic bioacceptable and nontoxic hydrophilic polymers, has been used in a wide variety of established and emerging applications in pharmaceutics. 21 DDSs coated with PEG shells can prevent themselves from being adsorbed by proteins and decrease the aggregation of the nanovehicles through steric stabilization upon formation of “brush like” shells, which is often utilized to increase the blood circulation time, thus improving the probability that the drug reaches its sites of action before being recognized and internalized by phagocytic cells, and cleared from the body by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). Moreover, DDSs with sizes around 100 nm can be efficiently accumulated in tumor tissues through the leaky tumor vasculature via the so-called EPR effect.…”
Supramolecular brush copolymers have attracted continuing interest due to their unusual architectures, fascinating properties, and potential applications in many fields involving smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems. Herein, the first pillararene-based amphiphilic supramolecular brush copolymer (P5-PEG-Biotin⊃PTPE) was constructed on the basis of the host–guest molecular recognition between a water-soluble pillar[5]arene (P5) and a viologen salt (M). P5-PEG-Biotin⊃PTPE self-assembled into supramolecular nanoparticles (SNPs), which were utilized as a self-imaging drug delivery vehicle by taking advantage of the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect. Encapsulation of anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) caused deactivation of the fluorescences of both the tetraphenylethene (TPE) and DOX chromophores due to the energy transfer relay (ETR) effect, mediated by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). The release of loaded DOX molecules can be triggered by low pH and reductase, recovering the “silenced” fluorescence caused by the interruption of the ETR effect, achieving in situ visualization of the drug release process by observing the location and magnitude of the energy transfer-dependent fluorescence variation. The biotin ligands on the surfaces of the DOX-loaded SNPs act as targeting agents to deliver DOX preferentially to cancer cells over-expressing biotin receptor. In vitro studies demonstrated that the loading of DOX by this supramolecular nanomaterial exhibited selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells over normal cells. The potency of this sophisticated supramolecular drug delivery system in cancer therapy was further evaluated in HeLa tumor-bearing mice. In vivo experiments confirmed that the DOX-loaded SNPs possess excellent antitumor efficacy with negligible systemic toxicity.
“…As a consequence, the model drug encapsulated in the vesicle interior underwent an ultrafast and efficient release (88% in 15 min). Very recently, Wang and Zhu carried out in vivo studies on a pH‐controlled release system based on pH‐sensitive vesicles . As shown in Figure , they synthesized a supramolecular amphiphile from uridine acetonide phosphatidyl ethanolamine and 3′,5′‐dioleoyladenosine connected by complementary hydrogen bonds.…”
Section: Drug/gene Delivery and Therapymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Schematic representation of the supramolecular vesicle for pH‐triggered drug release, along with the release profiles at different pH values. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2015, Royal Society of Chemistry.…”
Supramolecular self-assembly shows significant potential to construct responsive materials. By tailoring the structural parameters of organic building blocks, nanosystems can be fabricated, whose performance in catalysis, energy storage and conversion, and biomedicine has been explored. Since small organic building blocks are structurally simple, easily modified, and reproducible, they are frequently employed in supramolecular self-assembly and materials science. The dynamic and adaptive nature of self-assembled nanoarchitectures affords an enhanced sensitivity to the changes in environmental conditions, favoring their applications in controllable drug release and bioimaging. Here, recent significant research advancements of small-organic-molecule self-assembled nanoarchitectures toward biomedical applications are highlighted. Functionalized assemblies, mainly including vesicles, nanoparticles, and micelles are categorized according to their topological morphologies and functions. These nanoarchitectures with different topologies possess distinguishing advantages in biological applications, well incarnating the structure-property relationship. By presenting some important discoveries, three domains of these nanoarchitectures in biomedical research are covered, including biosensors, bioimaging, and controlled release/therapy. The strategies regarding how to design and characterize organic assemblies to exhibit biomedical applications are also discussed. Up-to-date research developments in the field are provided and research challenges to be overcome in future studies are revealed.
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