Supramolecular structures prevailing in aqueous hyaluronic acid and phospholipid vesicles mixtures: an electron microscopy and rheometric study

Crescenzi, V.; Taglienti, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2004.06.030

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Hyaluronan of the size found in SF does not form a gel on its own 28. It has been shown that there are strong interactions between hyaluronan and phospholipids,11 probably through hydrophobic interactions between the tails of the phospholipid and the hydrophobic faces of the sugar units in hyaluronan 29. It is, therefore, conceivable that the overlapping hyaluronan chains are being held together by phospholipids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They postulated that this film was hyaluronan and accounts for the lubricating properties of SF. Crescenzi et al used negative staining and rotary shadowing electron microscopy to observe the formation of supramolecular complexes between hyaluronan and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine following co‐incubation and proposed that this complex brings about the excellent lubrication in natural joints 11…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biochemical composition of the superficial layer of articular cartilage

Crockett

Grubelnik

Roos

et al. 2007

J Biomedical Materials Res

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To gain more information on the mechanism of lubrication in articular joints, the superficial layer of bovine articular cartilage was mechanically removed in a sheet of ice that formed on freezing the cartilage. Freeze-dried samples contained low concentrations of chondroitin sulphate and protein. Analysis of the protein by SDS PAGE showed that the composition of the sample was comparable to that of synovial fluid (SF). Attenuated total reflection infrared (ATR-IR) spectroscopy of the dried residue indicated that the sample contained mostly hyaluronan. Moreover, ATR-IR spectroscopy of the upper layer of the superficial layer, adsorbed onto silicon, showed the presence of phospholipids. A gel could be formed by mixing hyaluronan and phosphatidylcholine in water with mechanical properties similar to those of the superficial layer on cartilage. Much like the superficial layer of natural cartilage, the surface of this gel became hydrophobic on drying out. Thus, it is proposed that the superficial layer forms from hyaluronan and phospholipids, which associate by hydrophobic interactions between the alkyl chains of the phospholipids and the hydrophobic faces of the disaccharide units in hyaluronan. This layer is permeable to material from the SF and the cartilage, as shown by the presence of SF proteins and chondroitin sulphate. As the cartilage dries out after removal from the joint, the phospholipids migrate towards the surface of the superficial layer to reduce the surface tension. It is also proposed that the highly efficient lubrication in articular joints can, at least in part, be attributed to the ability of the superficial layer to adsorb and hold water on the cartilage surface, thus creating a highly viscous boundary protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition of the superficial layer of articular cartilage

Crockett

Grubelnik

Roos

et al. 2007

J Biomedical Materials Res

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“…Investigations on the interaction of hyaluronan with di-palmitoyl phosphatidylcholine have provided evidence for the formation of a supramolecular complex. It was also shown that the presence of phospholipid in hyaluronan solutions caused a significant decrease in viscosity [30]. Therefore, the formation of a low-shear strength film with the two components is possible.…”

Section: Boundary Lubricating Components Of Synovial Fluidmentioning

confidence: 98%

Boundary Lubrication in Natural Articular Joints

Crockett

2009

Tribol Lett

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This review concentrates on studies into the behaviour of natural articular cartilage under boundary lubrication. This includes investigations into the chemical composition at the surface of cartilage, carried out as a means of identifying the boundary lubricant. Studies on the friction of cartilage sliding against cartilage and cartilage sliding steel or glass under conditions expected to be in the boundary regime are described. Additionally, model studies on the possible mechanisms of boundary lubrication using welldefined artificial surfaces are also discussed. Although there appears to be some contradiction between the results of friction measurements, an explanation can, at least in part, be given in terms of the layer of cartilage that is being measured. The different chemical nature and lubricating behaviour of the layers found at or near the surface are discussed in relation to the various results given in the literature.

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“…The surface of articular cartilage is covered by an ∼20‐μm–thick gel‐like superficial layer that comprises 90% water and lubricin, chondroitin sulfate, proteins, and HA, which interact with phospholipids (). The surface of articular cartilage has been hypothesized to attract phospholipids, orienting their fatty acid (FA) chains outward to generate a hydrophobic hydrocarbon layer ().…”

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confidence: 99%

A Lipidomic Study of Phospholipid Classes and Species in Human Synovial Fluid

Kosinska

Liebisch

Lochnit

et al. 2013

Arthritis & Rheumatism

167

201

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Objective. Membrane phospholipid species contribute to boundary lubrication that is provided by synovial fluid (SF). Altered levels of lubricants can be associated with increased friction, leading to articular cartilage damage. This study was undertaken to determine whether the composition of phospholipid species is altered in diseases of human knee joints.Methods. The study was performed using SF from unaffected controls and patients with early osteoarthritis (OA), late OA, or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lipids were extracted from cell-and vesicle-free SF from 9 control donors postmortem and from 17 patients with early OA, 13 patients with late OA, and 18 patients with RA. Phospholipid species were quantified by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.Results. We conducted lipidomic analysis to provide the first detailed overview of phospholipid species in human SF. We identified 130 lipid species belonging to 8 lipid classes (phosphatidylcholine, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, plasmalogens, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, sphingomyelin, and ceramide). Compared to SF from controls, SF from patients with early OA and those with late OA had higher levels of most phospholipid species. Moreover, the concentrations of 64 and 27 phospholipids differed between RA and early OA SF and between RA and late OA SF, respectively. Also, the levels of 66 phospholipid species were altered in early OA versus late OA.Conclusion. Our data indicate disease-and stagedependent differences in the relative composition and levels of phospholipid species in human SF. Such alterations might affect articular joint lubrication. Because certain phospholipids scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are pro-or antiinflammatory, any altered phospholipid level might influence ROS-scavenging activity of SF and the inflammatory status of joints. Thus, phospholipids may be associated with the pathogenesis of OA.

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Supramolecular structures prevailing in aqueous hyaluronic acid and phospholipid vesicles mixtures: an electron microscopy and rheometric study

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Biochemical composition of the superficial layer of articular cartilage

Biochemical composition of the superficial layer of articular cartilage

Boundary Lubrication in Natural Articular Joints

A Lipidomic Study of Phospholipid Classes and Species in Human Synovial Fluid

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