Supramolecular‐driven fabrication of porous nitrogen/sulfur co‐doped graphene toward high‐performance supercapacitor

Abstract

Summary Practical applications of graphene‐based materials are still inhibited by the serious restacking of graphene nanosheets and single electrical double‐layer capacitor energy storage mechanism. To address these issues, nitrogen/sulfur‐co‐doped reduced graphene oxide (N/S‐rGO) was ingeniously prepared by supermolecular‐driven in‐situ co‐dope method. In this article, the GO/L‐cysteine supermolecular system was assembled first, the hydrogen bond between L‐cysteine and GO is confirmed by the Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The theoretical calculation result indicating that L‐cysteine is uniformly assembled on GO surface by supermolecular interaction force (dispersion force and hydrogen bond). Due to the oriented supermolecular force, the thus‐fabricated N/S‐rGO affords customized three‐dimensional (3D) porous structure, uniform N,S co‐doping, effective electrolyte ion‐transport pathways, and satisfactory structural stability. Attributing to the inherent plentiful 3D cavity structure and synergistic effect between N, S heteroatoms, N/S‐rGO shows outstanding electrochemical performance, the best‐performed N/S‐rGO2 possess delightful capacitance (416 F g−1), after 20 000 cycles the capacitance retention of N/S‐rGO is 110% of the initial value, shows excellent cycle reliability. The N,S‐rGO all‐solid flexible symmetrical supercapacitor can light up luminous diode for 30 seconds when fully charged, indicating that it provides the possibility of practical application.

Recent advances in supramolecular self-assembly derived materials for high-performance supercapacitors

“…l -cysteine molecules were grafted onto the oxygen-containing functional group of GO through supramolecular interaction, followed by hydrothermal and high-temperature treatment to obtain N and S co-doped graphene with excellent supercapacitor performance. 90 Zhang et al 91 applied 2, 5-dimercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole (DMTD) as a bifunctional pillared agent and efficient dopant precursor. Fig.…”