Suppressiveness of 18 composts against 7 pathosystems: Variability in pathogen response

Termorshuizen, Aad J.; Rijn, E. van; Gaag, D.J. van der; Alabouvette, Claude; Chen, Y.; Lagerlöf, Jan; Malandrakis, Anastasios A.; Paplomatas, Epaminondas J.; Rämert, Birgitta; Ryckeboer, Jaak; Steinberg, Christian; Zmora-Nahum, Sharon

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2006.03.002

Cited by 298 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Consequently, sludgeinduced changes in these physico-chemical parameters would not explain the disease attenuation in CP1. Among the biological factors, although Termorshuizen et al (2006) reported a negative correlation between respiration and Verticillium wilt suppression in a compost/peat mix, in general, the increase in the soil microbial activity and the microbiota itself comprised in the organic material has been related to the reduction of plant severity in several pathosystems (Craft and Nelson 1996;Dos Santos and Bettiol 2003;Downer et al 2001;Leoni and Ghini 2006). Nevertheless, as was observed for the physico-chemical properties, the stimulation of the microbial activity after the addition of 15% composted sewage sludge was similar to that observed in the ATAD treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies have revealed that organic wastes can alleviate the symptoms caused by V. dahliae (LaMondia et al 1999;Paplomatas et al 2005, the last one using biosolids). By contrast, Lazarovits et al (1997) observed an increased infection index in tomato plants after conifer sawdust application, and more recently, Termorshuizen et al (2006) have reported a disease stimulating effect of yard waste on eggplant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Growth, yield and physiology of Verticillium-inoculated pepper plants treated with ATAD and composted sewage sludge

et al. 2009

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A greenhouse experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of sanitized sewage sludges, ATAD (aerobic thermophilic autothermic digestion) and composted, on Verticillium-induced wilt in pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Piquillo). Two doses of ATAD (15 and 30% v/v) and three of composted sludge (15, 30 and 45% v/v) were applied to a peatbased potting mix. Unamended substrate was included as control. Half of the plants were inoculated with V. dahliae, whereas the other half remained noninoculated. Result showed that ATAD and composted sludge increased growth and yield of non-inoculated plants. V. dahliae reduced net photosynthesis (P n ), mainly as a consequence of stomatal closure, 5 weeks after pathogen inoculation. The actual photosystem II efficiency was also reduced and consequently the electron transport rate (ETR). No photoinhibitory damage was observed at this time in diseased plants. At the end of the experiment, diseased plants showed lower plant biomass and fruit yield. ATAD sludge had little effect on the disease. Compost slightly alleviated Verticillium-induced wilt when applied at lower doses (15% v/v), which resulted in increased P n and ETR, and higher plant biomass and fruit yield. By contrast, higher doses of compost (45% v/v) enhanced the effect of the pathogen, which was related to the high substrate salinity in this treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Growth, yield and physiology of Verticillium-inoculated pepper plants treated with ATAD and composted sewage sludge

et al. 2009

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“…The level of disease control obtained depends on many factors such as the chemical properties of the parent material, the composting process and obviously the type of microorganisms present. This is probably why such contrasted data have been published regarding the efficacy of disease control obtained by organic amendments of soil (Termorshuizen et al 2006). To enhance the suppressive potential of composts and thus to improve the efficacy of disease control, it has been proposed to inoculate these composts after peak heating with specific strains of antagonistic microorganisms.…”

Section: Organic Amendmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms

et al. 2008

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The rhizosphere is a hot spot of microbial interactions as exudates released by plant roots are a main food source for microorganisms and a driving force of their population density and activities. The rhizosphere harbors many organisms that have a neutral effect on the plant, but also attracts organisms that exert deleterious or beneficial effects on the plant. Microorganisms that adversely affect plant growth and health are the pathogenic fungi, oomycetes, bacteria and nematodes. Most of the soilborne pathogens are adapted to grow and survive in the bulk soil, but the rhizosphere is the playground and infection court where the pathogen establishes a parasitic relationship with the plant. The rhizosphere is also a battlefield where the complex rhizosphere community, both microflora and microfauna, interact with pathogens and influence the outcome of pathogen infection. A wide range of microorganisms are beneficial to the plant and include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, endo-and ectomycorrhizal fungi, and plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi. This review focuses on the population dynamics and activity of soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms. Specific attention is given to mechanisms involved in the tripartite interactions between beneficial microorganisms, pathogens and the plant. We also discuss how agricultural practices affect pathogen and antagonist populations and how these practices can be adopted to promote plant growth and health.

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“…Com a evolução da doença, ocorre a morte da planta (14,22,37). A incidência do patógeno na cultura é comum em todos os países onde se cultiva o espatifilo (10,41).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cylindrocladium spathiphylli de espatifilo (Spathiphyllum wallisii Rengel): detecção de enzimas extracelulares em isolados normais e alterados por temperatura

2013

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The fungus Cylindrocladium spathiphylli causes collar and root rot in spathe flowers, inducing yellowing and wilting of leaves in the shoot. This fungus has been scarcely studied for extracellular enzymes. Therefore, a n in vitro assay was carried out in randomized design, with three treatments (two normal isolates: LFEE1 01 6 -EPAGRI and MMBF 01/01 -IB/SP; plus control) and six replicates, for enzyme detection. Amylase (AM), lipase (LP), carboxymethylcellulase (CMC) and laccase (LC) were measured by calculating the annulus area, the activity site of the enzymes. Catalase (CT) and gelatinase (GL) were mea sured by symbols subsequ ently transformed into scores (1 to 4, from absence to intense produ ction). MMBF 01 /0 1 isolate had the largest areas and enzymes with the highest intensity. Of the enzymes, Migotto, B.C.; Ferreira, A.B.M.; Bueno, C.J. Cylindrocladium spathiphylli from spathe flower (Spathiphyllum wallisii Rengel): detection of extracellular enzymes in normal and temperature-changed isolates. Summa Phytopathologica, v.39, n.2, p.89-96, 2013. the largest area was that of LC, followed by LP. LFEEI016 and MMBF 01/01 showed no area for AM and CMC and exhibited weak and equal intensity for CT. The intensity of GT was moderate for MMBF 01/ 0 1 (mea n score 3 .0 ) a nd absent for LFEEI01 6 (mea n score 1 .0 ). After produ ction of extra cellula r enzymes, the isola tes were vegetatively altered by temperatu res. The a ssay wa s in completely ra ndomized factoria l design including mycelial discs of the fu ngal isolates versus three temperatures [23ºC (T1), 33ºC (T2) and 33ºC to 23ºC (T3)] versus four periods (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) and eight replicates in a Petri dish containing PDA and maintained in a BOD chamber. The diameter of colonies was daily measured (mm) in both directions. The noted changes were: innocuous, fungista tic (FS) and fungicide O fungo Cylindrocladium spathiphylli causa podridão no colo e nas raízes de espatifilo, induzindo amarelecimento e murcha nas folhas da parte a érea. Há poucos estudos com o fu ngo quanto às enzimas extracelulares. Assim, delineou-se ensaio inteiramente casualizado in v itro , com três tra ta mentos (dois isola dos norma is: LFEEI0 1 6 -EPAGRI/SC e MMBF 0 1 /0 1 -IB/SP; ma is testemu nha ) e seis repetições, visando a detecçã o de enzimas. A amilase (AM), lipa se (LP), carboximetilcelulase (CMC) e lacase (LC) fora m mensura das pelo cálculo da área da coroa circular, local de atividade das enzimas. A cata la se (CT) e gelatinase (GL) foram mensuradas por símbolos, depois transformados em notas (1 a 4, de ausência à intensa produção). O isolado MMBF 01/01 produziu as maiores áreas e com mais intensidade as enzimas. Das enzimas, a maior área foi a da LC e depois a LP. LFEEI016 e MMBF 0 1/01 não apresentaram área pa ra AM e CMC e exibiram intensidade fraca e igual para CT. A intensidade de GT foi moderada no MMBF 01/01 (nota média 3,0) e ausente para o LFEEI016 (nota média 1,0). Após a produção das enzimas extracelulares, os isolados foram alterados vegetativa mente...

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Suppressiveness of 18 composts against 7 pathosystems: Variability in pathogen response

Cited by 298 publications

References 29 publications

Growth, yield and physiology of Verticillium-inoculated pepper plants treated with ATAD and composted sewage sludge

Growth, yield and physiology of Verticillium-inoculated pepper plants treated with ATAD and composted sewage sludge

The rhizosphere: a playground and battlefield for soilborne pathogens and beneficial microorganisms

Cylindrocladium spathiphylli de espatifilo (Spathiphyllum wallisii Rengel): detecção de enzimas extracelulares em isolados normais e alterados por temperatura

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