Suppressive effects of peripheral flicker on foveal bichromatic mixture thresholds

Kuyk, Thomas; Fuhr, Patti S.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90271-2

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Psychophysical studies in humans have demonstrated that modulating the luminance of retinal areas that are far removed from the target locus can elevate thresholds for targets presented to the fovea (Breitmeyer & Valberg, 1979;Breitmeyer et al, 1980;Green, 1983;Derrington, 1984;Marrocco et al, 1987). However, not every target's visibility is affected by remote peripheral stimulation; those that are, include low, but not high, spatial-frequency gratings (Green, 1983;Derrington, 1984;Bowling, 1985;Marrocco et al, 1987), brief achromatic flashes (Breitmeyer & Valberg, 1979;Breitmeyer et al, 1980) and large, brief (but not long) duration monochromatic flashes and bichromatic mixtures (Kuyk & Fuhr, 1993, 1994. Furthermore, when the foveal targets are rapidly flickering chromatic spots, thresholds for the percept of flicker, but not color or form in these stimuli, are elevated (He & Loop, 1990;Fuhr & Kuyk, 1998;Kuyk et al, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

Kuyk

Niculescu

2001

Vis Neurosci

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This study measured the periphery effect and compared its magnitude when the peripheral stimulation was on the same or opposite side of the vertical meridian as the test spot. Test thresholds for a 1.5-deg diameter, 8-ms spot located 1.75 deg to one side of the vertical meridian were elevated by approximately 0.125 log units when a 0.25 cycles/deg (cpd) counterphased grating was presented at a similar eccentric offset on the other side of the vertical meridian. The periphery effect disappeared when the test spot was moved outward to 8-deg eccentricity. When the grating and test were presented on the same side of the vertical meridian, test thresholds at both retinal locations were elevated by the same amount, 0.2 log units. Consistent with the physiology in cat retina, the periphery effect in humans also crosses over the vertical meridian. However, the effect is small and the test spot must be in close proximity to the vertical meridian for it to be observed. Also, the crossover periphery effect is reduced in magnitude by 37.5% compared to when the grating and test are presented on the same side of the vertical meridian. This suggests there may be a difference in how the underlying neural mechanism that transmits the periphery effect signal laterally is organized for sending the periphery effect signal across the vertical meridian as compared to within a retinal hemifield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

Kuyk

Niculescu

2001

Vis Neurosci

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Extrafoveally applied flashing light affects contrast thresholds of achromatic and S-cone isolating, but not L-M cone modulated stimuli

Öze

Puszta

Buzás

et al. 2018

Neuroscience Letters

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The peripheral flicker effect: Desensitization of the luminance pathway by static and modulated light

DeMarco¹,

Brigell²,

Gordon³

1997

Vision Research

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Previous studies have shown that luminance flicker, presented peripheral to a foveal test target, increases thresholds for target detection: the peripheral flicker (PF) effect. These studies have also shown that thresholds are elevated more for luminance targets, relative to chromatic targets. In the present study we examined the specificity of the PF effect on the luminance mechanism and assessed the contribution of modulated stray-light to the test field, as well as longer range spatial interactions. We found that the presence of a foveal luminance pedestal, as well as PF, caused a notch to appear in the spectral sensitivity function around 570 nm. This result confirms the hypothesis that the PF effect decreases the sensitivity of the luminance pathway. To assess the contribution of stray-light to the PF effect, we modulated a luminance pedestal without the presence of PF in order to simulate the stray-light effect in isolation. A decrease in sensitivity for wavelengths around 570 nm occurred with modulated stray-light, suggesting that modulated stray-light contributes substantially to this effect. We then minimized the modulated stray-light by phase-reversing a checkerboard pattern in the periphery. A significant, though smaller, threshold elevation to mid-spectrum stimuli was obtained, suggesting that long range spatial effects are also active in the PF effect. We conclude that the PF effect causes a desensitization of foveal luminance pathways via local and more long range spatial interactions. Our results are consistent with previous data which suggest that the PF effect is due to selective adaptation of cells in the magnocellular pathway (M-cells). Our data imply that local network adaptation may be a property of the magnocellular pathway.

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Suppressive effects of peripheral flicker on foveal bichromatic mixture thresholds

Cited by 4 publications

References 22 publications

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

The psychophysical periphery effect crosses the vertical meridian

Extrafoveally applied flashing light affects contrast thresholds of achromatic and S-cone isolating, but not L-M cone modulated stimuli

The peripheral flicker effect: Desensitization of the luminance pathway by static and modulated light

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