Suppression of Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Obese Strain (OS) Chickens with Anti-Bursa and Anti-Thymus Sera

Wick, Georg; Kite, Joseph H.; Cole, Richard

doi:10.1159/000230441

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The specificity of the reaction of ABS and ATS with lymphoid cells of hatched chicken is evident from previous data obtained both in vitro [2,46] and in vivo [44,45,47], The presence of non-tissue-specific (anti species-specific) antibodies in the final preparations of the antisera used -as detectable by immunofluorescent staining -is ruled out by the lack of any reaction with liver and red blood cells of chicken embryos in DIF or IIF. No staining of embryonic brain cells was seen with the antisera used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Lymphocyte preparations were obtained from the spleen by sedimentation with 4% polyvinylpyrrolidone [1], Antisera. As reported in previous publications [45][46][47], ATS and ABS were raised in turkeys and characterized in vitro and in vivo. The serological properties of the ATS and ABS pools used in the experiments reported here are given in table IA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies performed in mouse and chicken embryos considerably in creased the knowledge of the ontogeny of lymphoid cell populations [7,30], However, only few data are available on the ontogeny of LCSD [1,15,17,18,30], As specific antisera to bursa of Fabricius and thymus cells are now available [14,17,43,44,46] the following five antigenic LCSD are de tectable on chicken lymphoid cells in addition to species-specific and common lymphocyte antigens: (1) TSD, (2) BSD, (3) MSD, (4) GSD and (5) ASD. In the experiments described in this report, antisera to these five LCSD were used to follow up the appearance, frequency and eventu al changes of surface antigens of cells from the chicken embryo's yolk sac, and lymphoid cells of bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen in im munofluorescence tests.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Ontogeny of Lymphoid Cell Surface Determinants in the Chicken

Albini

Wick²

1975

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Five antigenic lymphoid cell surface determinants (LCSD) were detected in hatched chickens using specific antisera. These LCSD were: thymus-specific surface determinants, bursa-specific non-immunoglobulin determinants, IgM-specific determinants, IgG-specific determinants, and IgA-specific determinants (ASD). Viable cell suspension of embryonic yolk sac, bursa, thymus and spleen were tested by means of indirect or direct immunofluorescent staining procedures for the presence and frequency of LCSD during maturation. Experiments performed with liver cells, brain cells and red blood cells of embryos confirmed the specificities of the antisera used for determinants present on cells of lymphoid tissues. The results showed LCSD to occur on yolk sac cells on the 5th to 7th embryonic day (ED). This suggests the presence of a stem cell pre-committed for the lymphoid cell line already in the yolk sac. Furthermore, findings are reported indicating the presence of distinct lymphoid stem cell populations or maturation stages in the yolk sac, which may be responsible for either populating the thymus or the bursa. The finding of ASD-bearing cells early in ontogenesis of the lymphoid system suggests the presence of two specificities in anti-chicken IgA sera, one of which may be directed against an antigenic site on a rudimentary immunoglobulin molecule, which becomes lost or hidden in later maturation. Studies on the bursa and the thymus show that covering, hiding, or loss of antigenic determinants plays an important role in lymphoid cell differentiation. Furthermore, the spleen is reached by B-determined stem cells as early as the bursa, but these stem cells seem not to proliferate in the former to any considerable extent until hatching. Finally, the sequence of the appearance of immunoglobulin classes as proposed by other authors is confirmed with reservations concerning IgA, and it is suggested that immunoglobulins are detectable earlier on cell surfaces than intracytoplasmatically.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Ontogeny of Lymphoid Cell Surface Determinants in the Chicken

Albini

Wick²

1975

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…In previous studies, antisera to chicken bursa (ABS) and thymus (ATS) cells have been raised in turkeys [49,51,52], In the course of the serologic characterization of these turkey sera, antibodies to chicken im munoglobulins were detected in some of the ABS by passive hemaggluti nation, double diffusion in gel, immunoelectrophoresis and cytolysis in agar techniques; on the other hand, ATS never showed such activity [50].…”

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confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin Determinants on the Surface of Chicken Lymphoid Cells

Albini¹,

Wick²

1973

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The percentage of lymphoid cells carrying immunoglobulin surface determinants was examined for the yolk sac, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, bone marrow, blood lymphocytes, spleen, cecal tonsils and Harder’s glands in normal White Leghorn chickens from the 11th day of incubation until the 26th week after hatching, using direct immunofluorescent staining with a fluoresceinated rabbit anti-chicken immunoglobulin serum. The results clearly show that under the test conditions employed surface immunoglobulins are markers of a bursa cell population or of bursa-derived cells, whereas thymus cells react only minimally with anti-immunoglobulin conjugates in young chickens. The migration pattern and maturation of bursa cells were studied chronologically as reflected in appearance, quantity and morphology of immunoglobulin surface determinant bearing cells in different organs.

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“…19 In contrast to these observations, neonatal thymectomy in the Obese strain chicken increased 20 and neonatal bursectomy decreased 21 the severity of spontaneous thyroiditis while treatment with antilymphocyte serum had no effect on the severity of the thyroiditis. 22 In the outbred Wistar rat, T-cell depleted produced by thymectomy shortly after weaning followed by whole body irradiation resulted in the occurrence of LT and serum antithyroglobulin antibodies in approximately 60% of treated rats. 23 The differing effect of T-cell depletion on the evolution of thyroiditis in these species suggests that the helper or suppressor role of the T-lymphocyte is genetically determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Diabetes in the BB/W Rat: A New Model of Autoimmune Endocrinopathy

Sternthal

Sarantis

et al. 1981

Diabetes

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SUMMARYThe Bio Breeding/Worcester (BB/W) rat develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus secondary to lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells. This destructive process in the pancreas has been postulated to be based on a thymus-dependent cell-mediated autoimmune process. In view of the well recognized association in man of diabetes mellitus and another autoimmune endocrinopathy, chronic thyroiditis (Hashimoto's thyroiditis), the present studies were carried out to determine whether lymphocytic thyroiditis occurred with increased frequency in the diabetic, insulin-treated BB/W rat. The incidence of lymphocytic thyroiditis was strikingly increased in 8-10-mo-old diabetic rats (59%) as compared with their nondiabetic cohorts (11%) (P < 0.001). Relative thyroid weight was significantly greater in diabetic as compared with nondiabetic rats (P < 0.01) and in diabetic rats with thyroiditis than in diabetic rats without thyroiditis (P < 0.025). Lymphocytic thyroiditis was not accompanied by any consistent changes in serum T 4 , T 3 , and TSH concentrations or in the serum TSH response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) suggesting that the thyroiditis was not of sufficient severity or duration to induce primary thyroid gland failure. The BB/W rat represents the first animal model of multiple autoimmune endocrinopathies and provides a unique opportunity to study the pathogenesis of these disorders. DIABETES 30:1058-1061, December 1981. The Bio Breeding/Worcester (BB/W) rat develops spontaneous insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Lymphocytic infiltration and destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells occurs in approximately 30% of BB/W rats between 60 and 120 days of age.

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Suppression of Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis in Obese Strain (OS) Chickens with Anti-Bursa and Anti-Thymus Sera

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Ontogeny of Lymphoid Cell Surface Determinants in the Chicken

Ontogeny of Lymphoid Cell Surface Determinants in the Chicken

Immunoglobulin Determinants on the Surface of Chicken Lymphoid Cells

Lymphocytic Thyroiditis and Diabetes in the BB/W Rat: A New Model of Autoimmune Endocrinopathy

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