Suppression of primary antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in susceptible and resistant mice infected with Giardia muris

Belosevic, Miodrag; Faubert, G M; MacLean, J D

doi:10.1128/iai.47.1.21-25.1985

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…inflammatory macrophages exhibit higher toxicily for 0. muris trophozoites when compared with non-elicited maerophages. Interestingly, the susceptibility of different strains of mice to G. m«r/5wascorrelated to iheir ability to mount both/>)(7r<) and in vitro macrophage inflammatory responses [26]. This is the first report that cytokine-activated BMDM, which arephenotypicallysimilar to intlammatory macrophages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…G. lamblia [22.23.27.28] and S. man.soni schistosomula [36.37.45,46]. Because Giardia is primarily a luminal parasite, the gut-associated lymphoid tissue is likely to play a major role in the immune response [26,47]. One of the firsl steps in an effective mucosal response to an infectious agent is the ingeslion of the agent and proeessing and presentation of its antigens by mucosal macrophages [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They showed that phagocytosis and/or adherence to tropho7.oitcs by macrophages was enhanced in the presence of immune serum or immune milk containing anti-parasite IgG and IgA. Bc!osevic& Faubcrt [26] reported that thioglycoltate-elicitcd mouse peritoneal macrophages in the presence of immune serum killed significantly more trophozoites than non-elicited maerophages. suggesting that the inflammatory status of macrophages may be important in this anti-microbial response.…”

Section: Introouctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phagocytosis ofGiardia lambliatrophozoites by cytokine-activated macrophages

Belosevic

1992

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARY Phagocytosis of Giardia lamblia trophozoites by cytokine‐activaled and non‐activated bone marrow‐derived macrophages was examined in vitro. Macrophages treated with recombinant interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ingested a significantly higher number of in vitro‐grown trophozoites than untreated macrophages. Maximal uptake of parasites occurred after 4 h and 6 h of incubation where 81.4% and 79.1% of macrophages were positive for trophozoites. Other cytokines tested, IL‐2, IL‐3, IL‐4, IL‐5, GM‐CSF, CSF‐I and tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) either alone or in combination with LPS, failed to activate macrophages to phagocytose G. lamblia. The induction of this activated macrophage anti‐microbial function was achieved pharmacologically using phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionophore A23187. The giardicidal activity of macrophages activated with IFN‐γ and LPS or that induced by PMA and A23187 was inhibited by H‐7, indicating the role for protein kinase C in the intracellular events following activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introouctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phagocytosis ofGiardia lambliatrophozoites by cytokine-activated macrophages

Belosevic

1992

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…The trophozoites were isolated from the small intestine of mice infected for 10 to 15 days with G. muris and purified using the procedure described previously (Belosevic et a/. 1985).…”

Section: Antigen Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We reported that in some strains of mice, such as C57BL/6, DBA/2 and BlO.A/SgSnJ, the duration of cyst release is about 5 to 6 weeks, whereas in other strains, A/J and C3H/HeJ cysts are detectable in the feces 10 weeks after infection. Recently, we showed that both susceptible (A/J) and resistant (B1O.A) mice were less responsive to SRBC, a T-cell dependent antigen (Belosevic, Faubert & Maclean 1985). This immunodepression was of relatively short duration occurring during the period of highest trophozoite density in the small intestine (day 10-20 of infection) and was present in both spleen and in particular mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cell populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia muris‐induced depression of the primary immune response in spleen and mesenteric lymph node cell cultures to sheep red blood cells

Belosevic

Faubert

MacLean

1985

Parasite Immunology

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Primary in vitro plaque-forming cell (PFC) responses to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) were examined for spleen and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cell populations from susceptible (A/J) and resistant (B10.A) mice during the infection with Giardia muris. Spleen and MLN cells isolated from mice during the acute phase of the infection were less responsive to SRBC in vitro than those from uninfected mice. Depressed anti-SRBC PFC response was detected earlier and was more pronounced in MLN cell cultures when compared to the response of spleen cell cultures. Spleen and MLN cells from donors infected with G. muris for 15 days had the capacity of depressing PFC response to SRBC of cells isolated from uninfected mice. This suppressor activity was localized in the plastic-adherent fraction of spleen cell populations isolated from A/J and B10.A mice. Since G. muris is a gastro-intestinal infection of mice, lower capacity of the MLN cells to respond to an antigenic stimulation in vitro may explain, in part, the proliferation of the trophozoites during the acute phase of the infection.

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Mouse

Percy¹,

Barthold

2007

Pathology of Laboratory Rodents and Rabbits

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The laboratory mouse is an artificial creation, and there is no true "wildtype" laboratory mouse. Furthermore, there is no such thing as "normal" microflora, since laboratory mice are maintained in microbially pristine environments devoid of pathogens and opportunistic pathogens, as well as other commensal flora/fauna. House mice, from which laboratory mice originated, are represented by several species and subspecies native to the Old World. Laboratory mice are largely derived from domesticated "fancy mice" that arose from many years of trading of mouse variants among fanciers in Europe, Asia, North America, and Australia. The laboratory mouse genome, including its retroelements, is a mosaic derived from different subspecies of the Mus musculus complex, including M.m. domesticus, M.m. musculus, M.m. castaneus, M.m. molossinus (a natural hybrid of M.m. musculus and M.m. castaneus), and M. bactrianus.The genome of M.m. domesticus is the predominant contributor to most strains of mice, but many inbred strains share a common "Eve" with a mitochondrial genome of M.m. musculus origin, and a common "Adam" that contributed their Y chromosome from Asian mice. In addition, there is evidence that other Mus species, outside of the M. musculus complex, may have contributed to the genome of some laboratory mouse strains. The C57BL mouse genome contains a contribution from M. spretus. The 1st inbred mouse (DBA), and other strains with DBA genetic contributions, was partially derived from Japanese waltzing mice with M. bactrianus parentage. Perhaps the only laboratory mouse that is derived from a single species (subspecies), M.m. domesticus, is the "Swiss" mouse, but there is a high likelihood that several Swiss stocks and strains have been genetically corrupted.There are over 450 inbred strains of laboratory mice that have arisen during the last century, and these strains, which were selectively inbred to pan-genomic homozygosity for purposes entirely unrelated to modern research, are the foundation upon which literally thousands of spontaneous mutants and GEMs have been built. Additional inbred strains have been developed from wild mice (M.m. castaneus, M. spretus, etc.). Furthermore, "outbred" mice (mostly Swiss mice) are highly homozygous and nearly inbred. There is no such thing as an outbred laboratory mouse with a fully heterozygous genome representative of wildtype M. musculus, and there is no wild mouse genetic counterpart of the laboratory mouse. When working with mice, the pathologist must also become facile with hybrids,

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Suppression of primary antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in susceptible and resistant mice infected with Giardia muris

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Phagocytosis ofGiardia lambliatrophozoites by cytokine-activated macrophages

Phagocytosis ofGiardia lambliatrophozoites by cytokine-activated macrophages

Giardia muris‐induced depression of the primary immune response in spleen and mesenteric lymph node cell cultures to sheep red blood cells

Mouse

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