Suppression of Norepinephrine Secretion by Dopamine in Children with Neuroblastoma. Evidence for Precursor Inhibition in Catecholamine Pathway.

Satô, Tamotsu; Minami, Satoshi; Igarashi, Noboru; Miyagawa, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.36.595

Cited by 1 publication

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References 23 publications

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“…Interestingly, Sato et al (41) found that endogenous dopamine overload in neuroblastoma inhibits NE production. The main blockade in the catecholamine pathway may be where dopamine is converted to NE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resting Energy Expenditure in Children Newly Diagnosed With Stage IV Neuroblastoma

2008

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Children with stage IV neuroblastoma (NBIV) are often malnourished at time of diagnosis, observed as high as 50%. The emphasis of this study was to determine whether an increased resting energy expenditure (REE) is a causative factor. Our hypothesis was that children diagnosed with NBIV have an increased REE, which normalizes with cancer treatment. Changes in nutritional status from time of diagnosis in response to nutritional support were examined. REE and nutritional evaluation were obtained three times: at diagnosis before starting treatment, where tumor burden is expected to be highest; after two courses of chemotherapy, where some response to treatment is expected; and after surgical excision of the primary tumor, where there was presumably minimal residual disease. Ten subjects completed the study. Results showed that REE was not increased, and there was no significant difference between phases (p ϭ 0.29). Fifty percent of our subjects were malnourished at diagnosis. Because REE is not increased in NBIV, it is concluded that malnutrition seen in NBIV is not due to increased energy needs, but is likely due to decreased intake because of the intra-abdominal mass and malignant malaise. are frequently cachectic. Cachexia occurs in the setting of uncontrolled growth of tumor, which places a demand on the host for essential nutrients. The mechanisms underlying cachexia are unclear (1). The typical clinical picture is one of weight loss, decreased muscle mass and diminished fat stores, anorexia, and fatigue. Several articles have indicated that an increase in energy expenditure and/or altered metabolism is a plausible explanation for this energy imbalance (2-4). In addition, tumor burden may be responsible for a multitude of metabolic abnormalities observed (2-4). Alterations in energy expenditure, protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism have been reported (2-8). Factors such as fever, infection, stress, cold exposure, physical activity, and catecholamine release have been shown to elevate resting energy expenditure (REE) (9).Several authors suggest that an increase in REE contributes to the weight loss seen in malignancy. Patients with malignant disease have been reported to have reduced normal or increased energy expenditure (4). Increases in REE have been reported in patients with sarcomas, lung/bronchial cancer, pancreatic cancer and gastric tumors, lymphoma, leukemia, whereas decreased or normal REE has been reported in other types of malignancy (10 -16). Data describing the effect of cancer on energy expenditure of children are limited and mainly involve children with leukemia or lymphoma. Convincing data on the effect of the presence of a solid tumor on energy expenditure of children is lacking.Neuroblastoma is a malignant solid tumor, which originates from the primitive neural crest cell that gives rise to the sympathetic nervous system (17). Neuroblastoma primary tumors can arise from anywhere where normal sympathetic nervous system structures are found (17). Approximately 90 -95% of all pa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%