2018
DOI: 10.3390/v10080409
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Suppression of NF-κB Activity: A Viral Immune Evasion Mechanism

Abstract: Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is an important transcription factor that induces the expression of antiviral genes and viral genes. NF-κB activation needs the activation of NF-κB upstream molecules, which include receptors, adaptor proteins, NF-κB (IκB) kinases (IKKs), IκBα, and NF-κB dimer p50/p65. To survive, viruses have evolved the capacity to utilize various strategies that inhibit NF-κB activity, including targeting receptors, adaptor proteins, IKKs, IκBα, and p50/p65. To inhibit NF-κB activation, viruses enc… Show more

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Cited by 80 publications
(67 citation statements)
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“…The NF-κB pathway is activated as part of the innate response to viral infection, leading to expression of antiviral genes, and is frequently targeted for viral immune evasion 28,29 . Given the importance of this pathway it is surprising that the interplay between CHIKV infection and the NF-κB pathway is poorly understood.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The NF-κB pathway is activated as part of the innate response to viral infection, leading to expression of antiviral genes, and is frequently targeted for viral immune evasion 28,29 . Given the importance of this pathway it is surprising that the interplay between CHIKV infection and the NF-κB pathway is poorly understood.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PAKs, the key regulators in Rho GTPase signaling pathways, played a pivotal role in the US3-mediated formation of cell projections and were bound to and phosphorylated by US3 26,32 . In addition, US3 protein also regulates the innate immune response and apoptosis to promote viral replication by phosphorylating corresponding substrates 33,34 .…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…NF-κB activation exacerbates lung in ammation caused by SARS-CoV infection, and inhibition of NF-κB signaling signi cantly reduces such in ammation and increases the survival rate of SARS-CoV-infected mice [48,49]. In addition, NF-κB is an important transcription factor that induces expression of viral genes, and inhibition of NF-κB activation is an immune evasion mechanism of SARS-CoV [50]. Therefore, we speculate that XBJ's active ingredients might interfere with the NF-κB pathway and regulate innate immunity and in ammation during viral infection to alleviate lung in ammation during COVID-19.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%