Suppression of mycorrhizal fungi in fescue by the acremonium coenophialum endophyte

Chu-Chou, Myra; Bin, Guo; An, Zhiqiang; Hendrix, James W.; Ferriss, R. S.; Siegel, Malcolm R.; Dougherty, C. T.; Burrus, P. B.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(92)90041-u

Cited by 115 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Endophytes can enhance hosts' intrinsic competitive ability (Clay et al 1993), resistance to herbivores and pathogens (Breen 1994;Clay 1996;Clay et al 1989;Gwinn and Gavin 1992), nutrient acquisition (Lyons et al 1990;Malinowski et al 2000), and tolerance to drought stress (Elmi and West 1995;Hill et al 1996). Endophytes can also affect organisms in the rhizosphere (Matthews and Clay 2001), for example, by reducing mycorrhizal fungi (Chu-Chou et al 1992). The mechanisms underlying the patterns in our study are currently unresolved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Mutualistic fungus promotes plant invasion into diverse communities

2005

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Reducing the biological diversity of a community may decrease its resistance to invasion by exotic species. Manipulative experiments typically support this hypothesis but have focused mainly on one trophic level (i.e., primary producers). To date, we know little about how positive interactions among species may influence the relationship between diversity and invasibility, which suggests a need for research that addresses the question: under what conditions does diversity affect resistance to invasion? We used experimental manipulations of both plant diversity and the presence of an endophytic fungus to test whether a fungal mutualist of an invasive grass species (Lolium arundinaceum) switches the relationship between plant community diversity and resistance to invasion. Association with the fungal endophyte (Neotyphodium coenophialum) increased the ability of L. arundinaceum to invade communities with greater species diversity. In the absence of the endophyte, the initial diversity of the community significantly reduced the establishment of L. arundinaceum. However, establishment was independent of initial diversity in the presence of the endophyte. Fungal symbionts, like other key species, are often overlooked in studies of plant diversity, yet their presence may explain variation among studies in the effect of diversity on resistance to invasion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Mutualistic fungus promotes plant invasion into diverse communities

2005

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“…It is noteworthy that all studies that found an antagonistic relationship between the fungal symbionts have been performed on agronomic grasses (Chu-Chou et al 1992;Guo et al 1992;Omacini et al 2006;Liu et al 2007), while those where a positive interaction was observed were performed on wild grasses. Thus additional surveys in natural populations of wild native grasses and manipulated experiments should be done in order to establish how the complex endophyte-grass-mycorrhiza interactions are affected in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In manipulated experiments, performed on the artificially selected agronomic grasses, Lolium perenne, Lolium multiflorum and Lolium arundinaceum, fungal endophytes have been reported to inhibit mycorrhiza (AM) colonization, (Chu-Chou et al 1992;Guo et al 1992;Müller 2003;Omacini et al 2006;Liu et al 2007;Mack and Rudgers 2008). However, the way in which endophyte infection and mycorrhizal colonization are correlated in natural grassendophyte systems has been poorly studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Positive association between mycorrhiza and foliar endophytes in Poa bonariensis, a native grass

et al. 2008

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The interaction between mycorrhiza and leaf endophytes (Neotyphodium sp.) was studied in three Poa bonariensis populations, a native grass, differing significantly in endophyte infection. The association between endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi colonisation was assessed by analysing plant roots collected from the field. We found that roots from endophyte-infected populations showed a significantly higher frequency of colonisation by mycorrhizal fungi and that soil parameters were not related to endophyte infection or mycorrhiza colonization. In addition, we did not observe significant differences in the number of AM propagules in soils of the three populations sites. We also report the simultaneous development of Paris-type and Arum-type mycorrhiza morphology within the same root systems of P. bonariensis. The co-occurrence of both colonisation types in one and the same root system found in the three populations, which differed in Neotyphodium infection, suggests that foliar endophytes do not determine AM morphology. The percentage of root length colonised by different types of fungal structures (coils, arbuscules, longitudinal hyphae and vesicles) showed significant and positive differences in arbuscular frequency associated with endophyte infection, whereas the much smaller amounts of vesicles and hyphal coils did not differ significantly.

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“…The N isotope signature of tall fescue may be altered if mycorrhizal networks were impacted by endophyte strain or proximity to red clover, since transfer of N through mycorrhizal networks is known to fractionate against 15 N (Hobbie and Ouimette 2009). For example, greater transfer of biologically-fixed N from red clover to tall fescue may have occurred through increased mycorrhizal networks (Haystead et al 1988;Mårtensson et al 1998) in TF(+ RC) samples compared to TF(-RC) samples or in Eplots compared to endophyte-infected plots (Chu-Chou et al 1992;Guo et al 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

et al. 2015

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Background and aims Infection of tall fescue with the common toxic fungal endophyte Epichloë coenophiala harms livestock via toxic alkaloid production; therefore, non-toxic 'novel' strains of the endophyte have been developed and released. How different endophyte strains impact biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in mixed species pastures is unknown. We asked whether novel endophyte or common toxic endophyte-infected (NE+; CTE+) tall fescue affects symbiotic and nonsymbiotic BNF, and utilization of biologically-fixed nitrogen in tall fescue. Methods Tall fescue was planted either endophyte-free (E-), infected with CTE, two non-toxic strains AR542 NE, AR584 NE, or a blend of endophyte treatments. We measured natural abundance of 15 N in plant and soil samples, and conducted soil acetylene reduction assays. Results Endophyte presence and strain significantly affected the δ 15 N of tall fescue. Near red clover, CTE+ and AR584 NE+ tall fescue were most 15 N-depleted; but away, E-tall fescue was most 15 N-depleted. Endophyte strain significantly influenced N concentration in red clover, but not symbiotic or non-symbiotic BNF.Conclusions Endophyte strains produce different effects on tall fescue's competitive ability and nitrogen utilization. In mixed pastures, deployment of NE strains for decreased alkaloid toxicity will differentially impact use of biologically fixed nitrogen in tall fescue and nitrogen concentration in red clover. Abbreviations CTE+common toxic endophyte-infected Eendophyte-free BNF biological nitrogen fixation NE+ novel endophyte-infected EMix equal mix of E-, CTE+, AR542 NE+, and AR584 NE+ treatments within plot PDF pasture demonstration farm RC red clover TF(+RC) tall fescue plant located close to red clover TF(-RC) tall fescue plant located away from red clover CF-IRMS continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer ARA acetylene reduction assay Plant Soil

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Suppression of mycorrhizal fungi in fescue by the acremonium coenophialum endophyte

Cited by 115 publications

References 25 publications

Mutualistic fungus promotes plant invasion into diverse communities

Mutualistic fungus promotes plant invasion into diverse communities

Positive association between mycorrhiza and foliar endophytes in Poa bonariensis, a native grass

Fungal endophyte symbiosis alters nitrogen source of tall fescue host, but not nitrogen fixation in co-occurring red clover

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