Suppression of leaf growth and photosynthetic capacity as an acclimation strategy to nitrogen deficiency in a nitrogen-sensitive and shade-tolerant plant <i>Panax notoginseng</i>

Shuang, Sheng-Pu; Zhang, Jinyan; Hong, Jie; Wu, Hongmin; Yang, Jing; Zhao, Hongchao; Gao, Li-Lin; Chen, Junwen

doi:10.1080/17429145.2022.2141902

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Excessive N fertilizer not only reduces NUE and increases production costs, but also causes continuous cropping barrier, severe field diseases, and quality decline in P. notoginseng [ 22 ]. NUE is significantly increased in two- and three-year-old P. notoginseng grown under the N deficient condition, and high N application significantly inhibits N uptake and NUE, and reduces biomass accumulation [ 23 , 24 ]. It is worth noting that GS, GDH, and NR activity in the N-deficient P. notoginseng are higher than those in N-surplus groups (450 kg·ha -1 ), and the expression levels of GS1 , GDH1 , NIR , NIA , and NPF are up-regulated under the N deficiency levels [ 22 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of candidate genes and residues for improving nitrogen use efficiency in the N-sensitive medicinal plant Panax notoginseng

Cun,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Nitrogen (N) metabolism-related key genes and conserved amino acid sites in key enzymes play a crucial role in improving N use efficiency (NUE) under N stress. However, it is not clearly known about the molecular mechanism of N deficiency-induced improvement of NUE in the N-sensitive rhizomatous medicinal plant Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen. To explore the potential regulatory mechanism, the transcriptome and proteome were analyzed and the three-dimensional (3D) information and molecular docking models of key genes were compared in the roots of P. notoginseng grown under N regimes. Results Total N uptake and the proportion of N distribution to roots were significantly reduced, but the NUE, N use efficiency in biomass production (NUEb), the recovery of N fertilizer (RNF) and the proportion of N distribution to shoot were increased in the N0-treated (without N addition) plants. The expression of N uptake- and transport-related genes NPF1.2, NRT2.4, NPF8.1, NPF4.6, AVP, proteins AMT and NRT2 were obviously up-regulated in the N0-grown plants. Meanwhile, the expression of CIPK23, PLC2, NLP6, TCP20, and BT1 related to the nitrate signal-sensing and transduction were up-regulated under the N0 condition. Glutamine synthetase (GS) activity was decreased in the N-deficient plants, while the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) increased. The expression of genes GS1-1 and GDH1, and proteins GDH1 and GDH2 were up-regulated in the N0-grown plants, there was a significantly positive correlation between the expression of protein GDH1 and of gene GDH1. Glu192, Glu199 and Glu400 in PnGS1 and PnGDH1were the key amino acid residues that affect the NUE and lead to the differences in GDH enzyme activity. The 3D structure, docking model, and residues of Solanum tuberosum and P. notoginseng was similar. Conclusions N deficiency might promote the expression of key genes for N uptake (genes NPF8.1, NPF4.6, AMT, AVP and NRT2), transport (NPF1.2 and NRT2.4), assimilation (proteins GS1 and GDH1), signaling and transduction (genes CIPK23, PLC2, NLP6, TCP20, and BT1) to enhance NUE in the rhizomatous species. N deficiency might induce Glu192, Glu199 and Glu400 to improve the biological activity of GS1 and GDH, this has been hypothesized to be the main reason for the enhanced ability of N assimilation in N-deficient rhizomatous species. The key genes and residues involved in improving NUE provide excellent candidates for the breeding of medicinal plants.

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