Suppression of background current in differential pulse voltammetry with solid electrodes

Sokol, William F.; Evans, Dennis H.

doi:10.1021/ac00227a004

Cited by 27 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The background current at the peak potential of Cd(I1) in a KCI solution is obviously not due solely to charging current of the electrode since, after an initial period of about 30 ms, it remains constant with a high noise level. The same observation was made by Rifkin and Evans [7] and Svensmark [ Figure 2 that there should be an optimal time at which the ratio of i f l i b will be maximum. Figure 3 proves this for several values oft.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Optimization of parameters for differential pulse voltammetry at the hanging mercury drop electrode

et al. 1989

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The detection limit o f differential pulse voltammetry at a hanging mercury drop electrode is investigated. The most important result of this study is that very small pulse amplitudes considerably improve the signal-to-background ratio and lead to lower detection limits. Due to the fact that (in practice) the background current does not originate only from capacitive properties of the electrode, an optimal pulse duration also exists, which guarantees the highest signal-to-background ratio. It is shown that the background current consists of the capacitive current and a very noisy but, on average, constant component, presumably of a faradaic nature that originates from impurities. The effects of the prepulse time, the pulse amplitude, the pulse duration, the step height of the staircase ramp, and the duration of the current sampling time on the signal and background intensity and noise are described, LNTRODUCTIONDifferential pulse voltammetry (DW) has become the most widely used voltammetric method because of its high sensitivity and general applicability [I]. For an analytical chemist there are two main features of any analytical method, that is, the detection limit and the selectivity. Both properties of DPV have been studied, but not always rigorously.Optimal parameters for DPV and differential pulse polarography (DI'P) were established long ago. Most authors [2-81 recommend a pulse amplitude of mV with a 20-40 ms time delay after the pulse is applied and before sampling the current. The current measurement is made during a time interval o f 20-40 ms. Pulse amplitudes between 10 and 100 mV are often viewed as a good compromise between large values of peak current and an adequate resolution [l, 6, 81, but the detection limit depends on the ratio of faradaic-to-background current, on the sensitivity (faradaic current/concentration), and on the noise level of the background current. Hence, we studied the influence of several parameters of DPV on the detection limit.' To whom correspi)ndence should be addressed. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONSThe charging current (at the dropping mercury electrode) in differential pulse polarography is given by the following relationship [9]: where 4[E2] and q [E1 ] are the charge densities at potentials E2 and E l , respectively, t is the time of current measurement before the pulse is applied, and tp is the time of measurement after the pulse is applied. According to Equation 1, the charging current will be smaller at higher tlt, ratios, as will the pulse amplitudes [E2 -El] = E,. The charge density, q, depends on the nature and concentration of the electrolyte and on the dc potential. At a stationary electrode the charging current decays according to. 5 --flRc,, I, = e R where R is the resistance in ohms and c,) is the double layer capacity.The faradaic peak current, if,,, will increase with increasing pulse amplitude [ 101: Tt, u + 1 ( 3 ) 0 1989 VCH Puhlihrrs. Inc

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Optimization of parameters for differential pulse voltammetry at the hanging mercury drop electrode

et al. 1989

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“…As DPV is known to be more sensitive than CV by removing non-455 faradic background currents from the current response 456 [18,33,34,60], the determination of copper ions has been carried The interference from ferric ions on copper detection was observed 477 when ferric ion was added into the solution, as shown in Fig. 10.…”

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Electrochemical detection of cupric ions with boron-doped diamond electrode for marine corrosion monitoring

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Neodo

Wharton

et al. 2016

Electrochimica Acta

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A B S T R A C TCorrosion induced structural failures continue to be a costly problem in many industrial situations, and the development of robust corrosion sensing systems for structural health integrity monitoring is still a demanding challenge. The applicability of corrosion monitoring of copper alloys using a boron-doped diamond electrode (BDD) has been performed based on determination of copper ions within localised corrosion microenvironments. The electrochemical behaviour of copper ions on the BDD electrode surface were first reported in details in 0.60 M NaCl aqueous solution, and the results revealed that the electrochemical processes of copper ions on the BDD electrode proceed as two successive single electron transfer steps producing two well-separated pairs of peaks in cyclic voltammograms in the chloride ion containing electrolyte solutions. Compared with perchlorate and sulphate ions, chloride ions were observed with a significant stabilization effect on copper ions via the formation of Moreover, differential pulse voltammetric results exhibited the BDD electrode is promising for corrosion monitoring of copper alloys with an excellent relationship between peak current and concentration of copper ions without significant interference from the commonly presented metal ions within the simulated marine corrosion environments.

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“…DPV was employed as a means of improving the detection sensitivity [46], focusing on the oxidation of FcCOOH in 8% PEG 2K solutions. As shown in Figure 6, the lowest detectable concentration was greatly improved for all electrodes, with concentrations of 5 nM for the LD SWNT (Figure 6a), 5 nM for the HD SWNT (Figure 6b), 1 nM for SHD SWNT (Figure 6c) now resolvable.…”

Section: Dpv Response Of Ld Hd Shd Swnt Network Electrodes and Spcementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative trace level voltammetry in the presence of electrode fouling agents: Comparison of single-walled carbon nanotube network electrodes and screen-printed carbon electrodes

Sharel

Miller

Meng

et al. 2020

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Suppression of background current in differential pulse voltammetry with solid electrodes

Cited by 27 publications

References 27 publications

Optimization of parameters for differential pulse voltammetry at the hanging mercury drop electrode

Optimization of parameters for differential pulse voltammetry at the hanging mercury drop electrode

Electrochemical detection of cupric ions with boron-doped diamond electrode for marine corrosion monitoring

Quantitative trace level voltammetry in the presence of electrode fouling agents: Comparison of single-walled carbon nanotube network electrodes and screen-printed carbon electrodes

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