Suppression of Back-Reflection From the End Face of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> Waveguide Resonator

Feng, Changkun; Liu, Danni; Ni, Peiren; Li, Hui; Feng, Lishuang

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3059746

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[7][8][9] Backscattering noise, in particular, is regarded as the most critical factor limiting gyroscope performance. 10,11 Backscattering noise in RFOGs manifests in two forms: noise caused by interference between backscattered light and signal light and noise arising from backscattered light itself, leading to output offsets. To address these issues, various frequency modulation methods have been applied to reduce the interference caused by backscattering noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Backscattering noise, polarization noise, and optical Kerr noise are considered to be the three most influential optical noise sources 7 – 9 Backscattering noise, in particular, is regarded as the most critical factor limiting gyroscope performance 10 , 11 . Backscattering noise in RFOGs manifests in two forms: noise caused by interference between backscattered light and signal light and noise arising from backscattered light itself, leading to output offsets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

Tao,

Liu,

Nan

et al. 2024

Opt. Eng.

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Backscatter noise is a key limiting factor in the performance of resonant fiber optic gyroscopes. To enhance the accuracy of resonant fiber optic gyroscopes, a gyroscope system based on sideband locking technology is proposed. In this scheme, two tunable semiconductor lasers independently provide the clockwise and counterclockwise optical paths. An optical phase-locked loop is employed to achieve independent subharmonic phase locking of the two output lights, with their optical frequency difference equaling one free spectral range (FSR). By applying sinusoidal modulation at different frequencies to generate sidebands, the sideband locking technique is used to lock the first-order sidebands of the two lights to adjacent resonant frequencies. Through the filtering effect of the fiber ring resonator, the carrier intensity of the transmitted light and other sidebands are effectively suppressed. With this signal processing technique, the influence of two types of backscatter noise is completely eliminated, and the additional suppression of laser frequency noise is achieved. Experimental results show that, based on the Allan deviation, the bias instability of the gyroscope output is 1.42°/h. This method significantly improves the detection accuracy of the resonant fiber optic gyroscope under the same parameter precision or device performance requirements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

Tao,

Liu,

Nan

et al. 2024

Opt. Eng.

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“…The vast growth of developments in the optical communication systems over the C-band spectrum requires new and powerful waveguide components that can support high-speed light communication [ 1 ] with low power losses, large bandwidth, and low back reflection losses [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

1 × 4 Wavelength Demultiplexer C-Band Using Cascaded Multimode Interference on SiN Buried Waveguide Structure

Menahem

Malka

2022

Materials

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Back reflection losses are a key problem that limits the performances of optical communication systems that work on wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology based on silicon (Si) Multimode Interference (MMI) waveguides. In order to overcome this problem, we propose a novel design for a 1 × 4 optical demultiplexer based on the MMI in silicon nitride (SiN) buried waveguide structure that operates at the C-band spectrum. The simulation results show that the proposed device can transmit four channels with a 10 nm spacing between them that work in the C-band with a low power loss range of 1.98–2.35 dB, large bandwidth of 7.68–8.08 nm, and good crosstalk of 20.9–23.6 dB. Thanks to the low refractive index of SiN, a very low back reflection of 40.57 dB is obtained without using a special angled MMI design, which is usually required, using Si MMI technology. Thus, this SiN demultiplexer MMI technology can be used in WDM technique for obtaining a high data bitrate alongside a low back reflection in optical communication systems.

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“…In order to support high-speed light transmission [1] with a wide bandwidth, low losses, and low back reflection losses [2,3], new and powerful waveguide devices are required due to the significant rise in innovations of optical communication systems over the C-window range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Two-Channel Silicon Nitride Multimode Interference Coupler with Low Back Reflection

Menahem

Malka

2022

Applied Sciences

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Optical communication systems based on silicon (Si) multimode interference (MMI) wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology can suffer from back reflection. This undesirable characteristic causes losses and is a key problem that can lead to performance limitations. To overcome this limitation, we proposed a new study on how to divide two wavelengths by understanding the light coupling mechanism of the silicon nitride (SiN) MMI coupler over the C-band window and showed four different options to design a two-channel demultiplexer. The best option for a two-channel SiN MMI coupler with low back reflection losses operating in the C-band spectrum was selected. Based on simulation results, the proposed device can transmit two channels with a spacing of 20 nm between wavelengths in the C-band. Moreover, the device has a low power loss range of 0.895–0.936 dB, large bandwidth of 16.96–18.77 nm, and good crosstalk of 23.5–25.86 dB. Usually, a unique design such as angled MMI is required when using Si MMI technology to reduce the back reflection losses. Due to the use of SiN, which has a low refractive index, we obtained a 40.4 dB back-reflection loss without using this angled MMI design. Therefore, this MMI demultiplexer based on SiN can be used in optical communication systems based on the WDM technique to obtain a high data transfer rate in conjunction with low back-reflection losses.

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Suppression of Back-Reflection From the End Face of Si₃N₄ Waveguide Resonator

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

1 × 4 Wavelength Demultiplexer C-Band Using Cascaded Multimode Interference on SiN Buried Waveguide Structure

A Two-Channel Silicon Nitride Multimode Interference Coupler with Low Back Reflection

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Suppression of Back-Reflection From the End Face of Si3N4 Waveguide Resonator

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

Resonant fiber optic gyroscope based on sideband locking of dual-light sources

1 × 4 Wavelength Demultiplexer C-Band Using Cascaded Multimode Interference on SiN Buried Waveguide Structure

A Two-Channel Silicon Nitride Multimode Interference Coupler with Low Back Reflection

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Suppression of Back-Reflection From the End Face of Si₃N₄ Waveguide Resonator