Suppressing Japanese Stiltgrass (<i>Microstegium vimineum</i>) with the Grass-Specific Herbicide Sethoxydim

Frey, Mark; Schmit, John Paul

doi:10.3375/043.035.0411

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Herbicide application with glyphosate was the most effective treatment at reducing M. vimineum biomass. Post-emergent applications of fluazifop-P-butyl, acetic acid, pelargonic acid, imazapic, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, glufosinate, glyphosate, clethodim, quinclorac, sethoxydim, and Monosodium Methanearsonate have all been considered effective treatments (Flory 2010, Frey and Schmitt 2015, Hall and others 2014, Judge and others 2005, Ward and Mervosh 2012. Flory (2010) found that the application of a postemergent herbicide was more effective than hand pulling in treating an area for M. vimineum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ward and Mervosh (2012) showed that some post-emergent herbicides were equally effective at reducing M. vimineum biomass when applied at low doses as when applied at higher doses; however, using a low dosage of herbicide may require additional applications within the same season. Applications of post-emergent herbicides must be repeated annually, or M. vimineum will return to levels equivalent to untreated stands (Frey and Schmitt 2015, Hall and others 2014, Judge and others 2005, Ward and Mervosh 2012. The effectiveness of hand-pulling largely depends on the size of the treatment area (EPPO 2016, Ward andMervosh 2012) and the care taken to completely remove all stems (Flory 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference

2022

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Over the past century, foresters in the Southern United States have achieved remarkable success in the practice of silviculture. Key elements of success include learning how to plant southern pines, which gave rise to genetic improvement and cultural practices that have placed short-rotation planted pine stands on a quarter of the South's timberlands. A second element was the application of conservative silvicultural practices, including uneven-aged methods in southern pines, to help recover cutover but partially stocked stands. Both these advances contributed to retaining industrial forestry capacity in the South through the middle of the 20th century, with the result today that the South has become the "woodbasket" of the Nation. Other key silvicultural advances were the success in applying seed-tree and shelterwood methods in pines, shelterwood methods in oaks, and restoration of prescribed fire which has helped recover open fire-adapted pinedominated forests and woodlands across the South. Despite these successes, the South faces silvicultural challenges in the 21 st century within the realm of economics, ecological issues, and social concerns. It's certainly an exciting time, and a challenging one, for foresters in the first decade of their careers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference

2022

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“…M. vimineum seedlings and resident annual/ biennial seedlings had already emerged, so the herbicide application targeted the 2019 growing season emergence rather than the 2018 growing season emergence. Previous work has shown the efficacy of post-emergent herbicides (Flory, 2010;Stanturf, 2010;Ward and Mervosh, 2012;Emery et al, 2013;Frey and Schmit, 2015;Payne et al, 2019) and pre-emergent herbicides (Judge et al, 2005) on reducing M. vimineum cover and/or germination. Post-emergent herbicide applications do not target the seedbank, so we chose Prodiamine given the selective nature of the herbicide to grass and some annual forb seeds.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Naturally diverse plant communities do not resist invasion by the strong competitor, Microstegium vimineum

Williams,

Brewer

2024

American J of Botany

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PremiseTheory predicts and empirical studies have shown that ecologically manipulated communities with high species diversity are resistant to invasion, but do these predictions and results hold true when applied to highly competitive invaders in natural communities? Few studies of diversity‐mediated invasion resistance have measured both invasion resistance and invader impact in the same study.MethodsWe used a two‐year field experiment to test: (1) diversity‐mediated competitive resistance to patch expansion by the grass, Microstegium vimineum; and (2) the competitive effect of M. vimineum on resident plant diversity. We examined responses of M. vimineum to two native plant density‐reduction treatments that had opposite effects on species diversity: (1) reducing species richness via the removal of rare species; and (2) reducing dominance by reducing the density of the dominant resident species. We examined the effects of M. vimineum reduction by pre‐emergent herbicide on resident diversity in the second year of the study.ResultsNeither rare species removal nor dominant species reduction significantly increased M. vimineum density (relative growth rate). The pre‐emergent herbicide dramatically reduced M. vimineum in year 2 of the study, but not most resident plants, which were perennials and indirectly benefited from the herbicide at a more productive site, presumably due to reduced competition from M. vimineum.ConclusionsDiversity‐mediated resistance did not effectively deter invasion by a highly competitive invader. In the case of M. vimineum and at more productive sites, it would appear that nearly complete removal of this invader is necessary to preserve plant species diversity.

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“…Its ability to survive in low light environments is due to low respiration and low-light compensation points, which mean it can maintain positive carbon gains (Judge et al 2005a). Japanese stiltgrass seeds are dispersed through floating fruits during high water events, and by adhering to animals, humans, or vehicles (Frey and Schmit 2015). It produces cleistogamous and chasmogamous flowers (closed selfpollinating and open cross pollinating), which improves its survivability (Ward and Mervosh 2012;Judge et al 2005a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) in golf course natural areas

et al. 2020

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Japanese stiltgrass is regarded as one of the most troublesome invasive species in the United States. It is commonly found invading forested areas; however, more recently it has been noted to be invading golf course roughs and out-of-play areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate POST herbicide control of Japanese stiltgrass in golf course and highly maintained turfgrass facilities. None of the treatments provided >80% Japanese stiltgrass control 2 wk after treatment (WAT). At 4 WAT >80% Japanese stiltgrass control was observed with MSMA, MSMA + metribuzin, amicarbazone, and sethoxydim, whereas metsulfuron, pinoxaden, and imazapic provided minimum control. By 8 WAT, MSMA, MSMA + metribuzin, amicarbazone, and sethoxydim provided >98% control, whereas quinclorac, metsulfuron, pinoxaden, and imazapic provided no visible control. Thiencarbazone-methyl + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron-methyl, and sulfentrazone provided limited (≤60%) control. This study indicates that POST control of Japanese stiltgrass can be achieved with MSMA, MSMA + metribuzin, amicarbazone, and sethoxydim. Future research should include long-term control over multiple growing seasons, repeat applications of herbicides, and evaluation of herbicides in combination for increased and longer-term Japanese stiltgrass control.

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Suppressing Japanese Stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) with the Grass-Specific Herbicide Sethoxydim

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference

Proceedings of the 21st Biennial Southern Silvicultural Research Conference

Naturally diverse plant communities do not resist invasion by the strong competitor, Microstegium vimineum

Control of Japanese stiltgrass (Microstegium vimineum) in golf course natural areas

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