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The pairing symmetry of Sr2RuO4 is a long-standing fundamental question in the physics of superconducting materials with strong electronic correlations. We use the functional renormalization group to investigate the behavior of superconductivity under uniaxial strain in a two-dimensional realistic model of Sr2RuO4 obtained with density functional theory and incorporating the effect of spin-orbit coupling. We find a dominant $${d}_{{{{{\rm{x}}}}}^{2}-{{{{\rm{y}}}}}^{2}}$$ d x 2 − y 2 superconductor mostly hosted by the dxy-orbital, with no other closely competing superconducting state. Within this framework, we reproduce the experimentally observed enhancement of the critical temperature under strain and propose a simple mechanism driven by the density of states to explain our findings. We also investigate the competition between superconductivity and spin-density wave ordering as a function of interaction strength. By comparing theory and experiment, we discuss constraints on a possible degenerate partner of the $${d}_{{{{{\rm{x}}}}}^{2}-{{{{\rm{y}}}}}^{2}}$$ d x 2 − y 2 superconducting state.
The pairing symmetry of Sr2RuO4 is a long-standing fundamental question in the physics of superconducting materials with strong electronic correlations. We use the functional renormalization group to investigate the behavior of superconductivity under uniaxial strain in a two-dimensional realistic model of Sr2RuO4 obtained with density functional theory and incorporating the effect of spin-orbit coupling. We find a dominant $${d}_{{{{{\rm{x}}}}}^{2}-{{{{\rm{y}}}}}^{2}}$$ d x 2 − y 2 superconductor mostly hosted by the dxy-orbital, with no other closely competing superconducting state. Within this framework, we reproduce the experimentally observed enhancement of the critical temperature under strain and propose a simple mechanism driven by the density of states to explain our findings. We also investigate the competition between superconductivity and spin-density wave ordering as a function of interaction strength. By comparing theory and experiment, we discuss constraints on a possible degenerate partner of the $${d}_{{{{{\rm{x}}}}}^{2}-{{{{\rm{y}}}}}^{2}}$$ d x 2 − y 2 superconducting state.
We report on a new technique for measuring the dynamic Young’s modulus, E, of quantum materials at low temperatures as a function of static tuning strain, ϵ, in piezoactuator-driven pressure cells. In addition to a static tuning of stress and strain, we apply a small-amplitude, finite-frequency AC (1 Hz ≲ ω ≲ 1000 Hz) uniaxial stress, σac, to the sample and measure the resulting AC strain, ϵac, using a capacitive sensor to obtain the associated modulus E. We demonstrate the performance of the new technique through proof-of-principle experiments on the unconventional superconductor Sr2RuO4, which is known for its rich temperature–strain phase diagram. In particular, we show that the magnitude of E, measured using this AC technique at low frequencies, exhibits a pronounced nonlinear elasticity, which is in very good agreement with previous Young’s modulus measurements on Sr2RuO4 under [1 0 0] strain using a DC method [Noad et al., Science 382, 447–450 (2023)]. By combining the new AC Young’s modulus measurements with AC elastocaloric measurements in a single measurement, we demonstrate that these AC techniques are powerful in detecting small anomalies in the elastic properties of quantum materials. Finally, using the case of Sr2RuO4 as an example, we demonstrate how the imaginary component of the modulus can provide additional information about the nature of ordered phases.
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