Suppressed electronic contribution in thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Se4Te

Aryana, Kiumars; Zhang, Yifei; Tomko, John A.; Hoque, Md Shafkat Bin; Hoglund, Eric R.; Olson, David H.; Nag, Joyeeta; Read, J.C.; Rı́os, Carlos; Hu, Juejun; Hopkins, Patrick E.

doi:10.1038/s41467-021-27121-x

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…[ 32 ] The thermal conductivity of the PCM layer, denoted as κ ( T ), was assumed to vary with temperature based on ref. [53], while the remaining material properties for the simulated non‐PCM layers were considered to be temperature‐independent as presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Device Configuration and Thermal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Accurate Thermal Modeling of Phase Change Material‐Based Photonic Devices

Aryana,

Kim,

Popescu

et al. 2023

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Reconfigurable or programmable photonic devices are rapidly growing and have become an integral part of many optical systems. The ability to selectively modulate electromagnetic waves through electrical stimuli is crucial in the advancement of a variety of applications from data communication and computing devices to environmental science and space explorations. Chalcogenide‐based phase‐change materials (PCMs) are one of the most promising material candidates for reconfigurable photonics due to their large optical contrast between their different solid‐state structural phases. Although significant efforts have been devoted to accurate simulation of PCM‐based devices, in this paper, three important aspects which have often evaded prior models yet having significant impacts on the thermal and phase transition behavior of these devices are highlighted: the enthalpy of fusion, the heat capacity change upon glass transition, as well as the thermal conductivity of liquid‐phase PCMs. The important topic of switching energy scaling in PCM devices, which also helps explain why the three above‐mentioned effects have long been overlooked in electronic PCM memories but only become important in photonics, is further investigated. These findings offer insight to facilitate accurate modeling of PCM‐based photonic devices and can inform the development of more efficient reconfigurable optics.

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Section: Device Configuration and Thermal Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Accurate Thermal Modeling of Phase Change Material‐Based Photonic Devices

Aryana,

Kim,

Popescu

et al. 2023

Small

Self Cite

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“…The ability to change the thermal conductivity (k) of a material "on-demand" has gained significant traction in recent years, with research efforts focused on materials and mechanisms that enable large on/off switching ratios (k high / k low ), fast modulation between the two states (<seconds), and trigger mechanisms that can be easily accessed in solid-state architectures (e.g., no moving parts). With developments in materials science and thermometry techniques, several material systems have been discovered with thermal-switching behavior under different stimuli such as electrical 9 , thermal 10 , electrochemical 11,12 , optical 13 , magnetic 14 , strain 15 , and even hydration 16 . Although some of these materials provide large switching ratios (up to an order of magnitude), their complicated trigger mechanisms and the associated switching timescale limit their applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Observation of solid-state bidirectional thermal conductivity switching in antiferroelectric lead zirconate (PbZrO3)

et al. 2022

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Materials with tunable thermal properties enable on-demand control of temperature and heat flow, which is an integral component in the development of solid-state refrigeration, energy scavenging, and thermal circuits. Although gap-based and liquid-based thermal switches that work on the basis of mechanical movements have been an effective approach to control the flow of heat in the devices, their complex mechanisms impose considerable costs in latency, expense, and power consumption. As a consequence, materials that have multiple solid-state phases with distinct thermal properties are appealing for thermal management due to their simplicity, fast switching, and compactness. Thus, an ideal thermal switch should operate near or above room temperature, have a simple trigger mechanism, and offer a quick and large on/off switching ratio. In this study, we experimentally demonstrate that manipulating phonon scattering rates can switch the thermal conductivity of antiferroelectric PbZrO3 bidirectionally by −10% and +25% upon applying electrical and thermal excitation, respectively. Our approach takes advantage of two separate phase transformations in PbZrO3 that alter the phonon scattering rate in different manners. In this study, we demonstrate that PbZrO3 can serve as a fast (<1 second), repeatable, simple trigger, and reliable thermal switch with a net switching ratio of nearly 38% from ~1.20 to ~1.65 W m−1 K−1.

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“…One possible solution to address this issue is to use a new class of PCMs, called GSST. GSST, which has been studied for PCM-based photonic applications, shows superior performance in terms of thermal stability-through doping Se atoms and excess Ge atoms, which leads to an increase of the T g [42], [122], [123]-and lower material loss contrast compared to GST (because of lower κ) [34], [122], [123]. The work in [21] suggested that different figures of merits (FOMs) of FOM 1 = n/ κ a and FOM 2 = n/ κ c can be used to quantify the performance of OPCMs.…”

Section: Loss and Crosstalk Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The work in [36] presented analytical models for thermo-optic coefficient of GST. The presented models can be used to further optimize the performance of GST-based OPCM cells [34], [36]. In addition, the work in [124] presented an experimental study on the impact of temperature variation and transmission drift in OPCMs employed for in-memory computing units.…”

Section: E Thermal Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Optical Phase-Change Memory: The Promise and Challenges

2023

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Silicon photonics (SiPh) technology has facilitated the deployment of integrated photonics across different application domains, from ultra-fast communication in Datacom applications to energy-efficient optical computation in emerging hardware accelerators for machine learning. More recently, the integration of SiPh and phase change materials has created a unique opportunity to realize adaptable, reconfigurable, and programmable photonic platforms. In particular, the nonvolatile programmability in phase change materials has made them a promising candidate for implementing photonic memory cells and architectures. Accordingly, photonic memory systems and even in-memory photonic computing paradigms are on the rise, especially given their potential for improving data access in electronic and photonic processors. However, there are still many challenges in the design and fabrication of phase-change photonic integrated circuits, which need to be addressed. This article presents a comprehensive survey on the recent advances and challenges for the integration of phase change materials with contemporary photonic devices while focusing on the photonic memory application. In particular, we explore phase-change photonic memory from the material level to the architecture level by presenting an overview of different material-level characteristics of phase change materials with their optical, electrical, and thermal properties as well as their integration into SiPh devices and photonic memory architectures and their application for in-memory photonic computing. We also present a comparison with electronic memory and discuss open research challenges that must be addressed to further advance phase-change photonic memory towards successful integration into emerging computing systems.INDEX TERMS Phase change materials, phase-change memory, in-memory photonic computing, photonic integrated circuits, silicon photonics.

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Suppressed electronic contribution in thermal conductivity of Ge2Sb2Se4Te

Cited by 27 publications

References 66 publications

Toward Accurate Thermal Modeling of Phase Change Material‐Based Photonic Devices

Toward Accurate Thermal Modeling of Phase Change Material‐Based Photonic Devices

Observation of solid-state bidirectional thermal conductivity switching in antiferroelectric lead zirconate (PbZrO3)

A Survey on Optical Phase-Change Memory: The Promise and Challenges

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