“… - a direct relationship with each teacher's discipline and pedagogy that Lawless and Pellegrino (2007) called ‘design‐based components’ (AACTE Committee on Innovation and Technology, 2008; Beckett et al , 2003; Cole, Simkins & Penuel, 2002; Condie, Munro, Muir & Collins, 2005; Keller, Ehman & Bonk, 2004; Martin, Culp, Gersick & Nudell, 2003; Mitchem, Wells & Wells, 2003; Mulqueen, 2001; Yamagata‐Lynch, 2003) and with belief systems (Pickering, Daly & Pachler, 2007);
- active learning by teachers developing their own professionalism over extended duration and participation of teachers from the same community of practice (Loucks‐Horsley & Bybee, 2000; Sahin & Thompson, 2006) including mentoring or coaching in professional development (Cole et al , 2002; Holbein & Jackson, 1999; Kariuki, Franklin & Duran, 2001; Mulqueen, 2001; Orrill, 2001);
- coherence with policy and standards (Somekh, 2008); and
- leadership support and organisational change with a variety of strategies, including time release, technology resources (Sahin & Thompson, 2006; Tong & Trinidad, 2005; Yee, 2001) and assessment through portfolios (Condie & Munrow, 2007; Martin, et al , 2003).
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