Supporting students in responding to disclosure of sexual violence: a systematic review of online university resources

Bogen, Katherine W.; Leach, Nykia R.; Lopez, Richard J. Meza; Orchowski, Lindsay M.

doi:10.1080/13552600.2018.1509576

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The application of the theory to a particular type of self-disclosure, rather than to any shared information of the self, provides a foundational understanding of the social affordances that can motivate online disclosure behaviors within the context of sexual assault. The knowledge from this study may clarify previous explorations of online disclosures of sexual assault (Bogen et al, 2018; Bogen et al, 2019) and provide opportunities to refine future research questions and hypotheses to fit within the context of online disclosures of sexual assault. In addition, this study presents an opportunity to establish further theoretical implications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter

Deal

Martinez

Spitzberg

et al. 2020

Social Media + Society

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The “Me Too” movement, founded by activist Tarana Burke, began in 2006, before Twitter became the viral platform for political activism and news media that it is known for today. The reemergence of the Me Too movement on Twitter in 2017 sparked a widespread focus on the societal issue of sexual misconduct. This study examines sexual assault disclosures as an aspect of such misconduct through the context of the Me Too movement on Twitter. Through the use of content analysis, online disclosures of sexual assault ( N = 1,459) are examined for variations of sexual explicitness and attainment of social functions per the functional theory of self-disclosure. Specifically, this study explores associations between Twitter network structure and (1) levels of sexual explicitness and (2) retweet count. Through manual coding and statistical analysis, the study finds associations between sexual explicitness of online disclosures and retweet count as well as associations between network structure and sexual explicitness of disclosures. The study shifts the focus of disclosure discourse from dyadic communication to the contemporary context of networked social media. Implications for theory and practice are discussed, which include, but are not limited to, the exploration of associations between disclosing and catharsis, disclosing that may be characterized as neutral or conflicted, and disclosing sexual assault without being sexually explicit.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter

Deal

Martinez

Spitzberg

et al. 2020

Social Media + Society

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“…Recently, interventions have been developed to help people respond positively to sexual assault disclosures, and these interventions can reduce the likelihood of negative reactions and even improve post-assault mental functioning (Edwards et al, 2021, 2022). However, so far, these resources have been targeted at college campuses only, preparing students, faculty, and staff to respond to sexual assault disclosure (Bogen et al, 2018; Edwards, Waterman, et al, 2020). While addressing sexual assault risk among college students is important, our findings support implementing these interventions more broadly prior to and beyond college years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Reactions to Substance-Involved Sexual Assault Disclosure: Does Recipient Matter?

Kamke

Goodman

Elliott

2022

J Interpers Violence

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Victims of substance-involved sexual assault often experience worse post-assault outcomes than other sexual assault victims. These outcomes may be exacerbated by their heightened risk of receiving negative reactions when disclosing their assault to informal disclosure recipients, such as friends, family members, and intimate partners. To date, little research has explored the associations between informal disclosure recipient and receipt of positive and negative reactions among victims of substance-involved sexual assault. Our sample included data about 400 victims of substance-involved sexual assault (91% women; 30% minors) who visited an anonymous sexual assault hotline and discussed reactions received during their first disclosure to an informal support provider. Using logistic regressions, we examined how the type of informal recipient to whom the victim disclosed was associated with receipt of positive and negative reactions, controlling for individual and situational characteristics (e.g., victim gender, perpetrator). Negative reactions were more common than positive reactions (65% vs. 47% of victims, respectively). Victims who disclosed to family members had lower odds of receiving positive reactions and higher odds of receiving negative reactions than those who disclosed to friends and intimate partners. Results support previous research that victims of substance-involved sexual assault commonly receive negative disclosure reactions, especially when disclosing to family members. Future work is needed to identify best strategies for improving support providers’ responses to sexual assault disclosure, such as recent interventions focused on educating potential recipients about how to respond to disclosures. Further, our results highlight the utility of sexual assault hotlines as a data source for understanding the disclosure experiences of stigmatized victims underrepresented in traditional research.

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“…Public awareness and promotion of aspects of positive responses could be developed to reach universal audiences of children and youth, so that the next generation is equipped with the tools to support each other in difficult times, particularly in the aftermath of sexual violence. Recent research suggests that some universities are sharing resources and scripts for appropriate responses to disclosure (Bogen et al, 2019), but further work is required to ensure that these are evidence-driven.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chipped or Whole? Listening to Survivors’ Experiences With Disclosure Following Sexual Violence

Scoglio

Lincoln

Kraus

et al. 2020

J Interpers Violence

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Sexual violence is a prevalent crime but vastly underreported and with serious long-term health consequences for survivors. Disclosure of sexual violence represents a social experience that may offer support towards healing or further traumatization depending on the response received. Although current research suggests that process of disclosure itself is important, as are social responses, there is a dearth of research examining the perceived impact of initial responses to disclosure on healing and relationships, particularly over time. The current study used data from nine focus groups with 45 survivors to explore the impact of initial disclosure reactions on recovery, from the survivors’ perspectives. Constant comparative analysis identified several themes, including subtypes of positive and negative responses to disclosure and long-term impacts on healing and relationships. Survivors disclosed to informal and formal support persons and although many identified responses as positive or negative, some also experienced mixed responses. Survivors identified perceived long-term impacts on healing, interpersonal relationships, and social justice. Our findings suggest disclosures are a critical point for potential intervention after sexual violence. It is through the disclosure process that survivors can be supported and empowered to connect with others and move further along in their journey towards healing and recovery. Public awareness and promotion of positive responses could be designed to reach children and youth, so that the next generation is equipped with the tools to support each other in difficult times, particularly in the aftermath of sexual violence.

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Supporting students in responding to disclosure of sexual violence: a systematic review of online university resources

Cited by 12 publications

References 53 publications

“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter

“I Definitely Did Not Report It When I Was Raped . . . #WeBelieveChristine #MeToo”: A Content Analysis of Disclosures of Sexual Assault on Twitter

Social Reactions to Substance-Involved Sexual Assault Disclosure: Does Recipient Matter?

Chipped or Whole? Listening to Survivors’ Experiences With Disclosure Following Sexual Violence

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