Supporting Pluralism by Artificial Intelligence: Conceptualizing Epistemic Disagreements as Digital Artifacts

Human, Soheil; Bidabadi, Golnaz; Savenkov, Vadim

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-96448-5_18

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…We do not attempt to seek a solution to this barrier here, rather we simply want to acknowledge that if Kai-Fu Lee proposition that in the future "AI will learn to serve human needs" [2] is to become a reality, then we must continuously try to actively reconstruct joint basic understandings or working definitions on what needs are so that AI can assist in meeting them. We also do not suggest that a single universal definition is required, or maybe even desired, but rather that the challenge of presenting coherent and valuable [working] definitions for distinct use cases and ways of dealing with diverse (and even disagreeing [42]) definitions must become a priority for needs scholars regardless of their discipline. The capacity of AI systems to help us meet our needs is contingent on our ability to first determine how those systems define and measure needs.…”

Section: Gaps and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likewise, while authors like Pearl [13] write about needs (necessity and sufficiency) in computer science, each of these conversations are disconnected from discussion of needs in social work and education. For AI to assist in meeting needs, each of these (and other) communities of scholars and practitioners must come collaborate across silos-which also means collaborating across epistemological divides [46] or disagreements [42].…”

Section: Gaps and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Needs and Artificial Intelligence

Human¹,

Watkins²

2022

Preprint

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Throughout their history, homo sapiens have used technologies to better satisfy their needs. The relation between needs and technology is so fundamental that the US National Research Council defined the distinguishing characteristic of technology as its goal "to make modifications in the world to meet human needs" [1]. Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most promising emerging technologies of our time. Similar to other technologies, AI is expected "to meet [human] needs". In this article, we reflect on the relationship between needs and AI, and call for the realisation of needs-aware AI systems. We argue that re-thinking needs for, through, and by AI can be a very useful means towards the development of realistic approaches for Sustainable, Human-centric, Accountable, Lawful, and Ethical (HALE) AI systems. We discuss some of the most critical gaps, barriers, enablers, and drivers of co-creating future AIbased socio-technical systems in which [human] needs are well considered and met. Finally, we provide an overview of potential threats and HALE considerations that should be carefully taken into account, and call for joint, immediate, and interdisciplinary efforts and collaborations.

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Section: Gaps and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gaps and Barriersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Needs and Artificial Intelligence

Human¹,

Watkins²

2022

Preprint

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“…Development of PDPCASs as pluralist systems is a challenging prerequisite of a human-centric perspective (as it is discussed in [2,4,41]). is pluralism includes di erent human and non-human actors [42,43], ranging, e.g., from diversity in users and their situated needs, values, expertise, and limits, to diversity in computational components that are used in the development of the PDPCASs (see [2] for a discussion on the la er point).…”

Section: Other Diverse Interdisciplinary Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human-centric Personal Data Protection and Consenting AssistantSystems: Towards a Sustainable Digital Economy

Human¹,

Alt²,

Habibnia³

et al. 2022

Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences

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With the growing digital transformation, increasingly more personal data is produced, collected, shared, and used. Online privacy has become one of the most signi cant challenges for co-creating digital artefacts in a sustainable digital world.is paper presents the results of a representative study on online privacy conducted in Austria, which shows a growing need for personalized and human-centric sociotechnical solutions which empower humans to exercise their rights to online privacy, consenting and agency. We call such systems Personal Data Protection and Consenting Assistant Systems (PDPCAS). Using a human-centric perspective on privacy and consenting, which is inspired by recent advancements in cognitive sciences and sociology of science and technology, as well as the results of our representative study, combined with the results of a set of interdisciplinary expert interviews, we provide a re ection on PDPCASs, which mainly includes the functional and non-functional requirements of such systems. Based on the results of our studies, we re ect on the main challenges for the development and adaptation of PDPCASs. We argue that besides the absence of supporting automation standards, the lack of enforceability, and the technical complexities of developing human-centric PDPCASs, the user-acceptance and user experience design pose signi cant challenges to realizing these systems in practice. Finally, the paper provides a short re ection on the importance of human-centric PDPCASs for the co-creation of a sustainable digital economy.

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“…Moreover, pluralist approaches to knowledge representation (see e.g. [28,27]) can be used to represent privacy-related information to end-users based on their diverse needs.…”

Section: The Missing Aspects: Collectiveness and Contextualitymentioning

confidence: 99%