Supporting Meteorological Field Experiment Missions and Postmission Analysis with Satellite Digital Data and Products

Hawkins, Jeffrey D.; Velden, Christopher S.

doi:10.1175/2011bams3138.1

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The primary web portal for displaying satellite products and analyses for PREDICT was designed by the Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS) and the University of Wisconsin specifically to meet the needs of the field experiment similarly to what has been done for several projects in the past (Hawkins and Velden 2011). In addition to displays of basinwide imagery with large-scale product overlays, an interactive event-focused window allowed PREDICT analysts and forecasters to hone in on targets with greater detail.…”

Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-Systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) Experiment: Scientific Basis, New Analysis Tools, and Some First Results

Montgomery¹,

Davis²,

Dunkerton³

et al. 2012

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

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152

132

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Section: −1mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-Systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) Experiment: Scientific Basis, New Analysis Tools, and Some First Results

Montgomery¹,

Davis²,

Dunkerton³

et al. 2012

Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc.

Self Cite

152

132

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“…The data from the driftsonde complemented satellite observations and provided calibration and validation data for new satellite-based observations (Hawkins and Velden 2011) and global reanalysis products (Wang et al 2010). During T-PARC, 16 driftsondes were launched from the southern end of the Big Island of Hawaii between 15 August and 30 September 2008.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

Cohn

Hock

Cocquerez

et al. 2013

Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

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International audienceConstellations of driftsonde systems— gondolas floating in the stratosphere and able to release dropsondes upon command— have so far been used in three major field experiments from 2006 through 2010. With them, high-quality, high-resolution, in situ atmospheric profiles were made over extended periods in regions that are otherwise very difficult to observe. The measurements have unique value for verifying and evaluating numerical weather prediction models and global data assimilation systems; they can be a valuable resource to validate data from remote sensing instruments, especially on satellites, but also airborne or ground-based remote sensors. These applications for models and remote sensors result in a powerful combination for improving data assimilation systems. Driftsondes also can support process studies in otherwise difficult locations—for example, to study factors that control the development or decay of a tropical disturbance, or to investigate the lower boundary layer over the interior Antarctic continent. The driftsonde system is now a mature and robust observing system that can be combined with flight-level data to conduct multidisciplinary research at heights well above that reached by current research aircraft. In this article we describe the development and capabilities of the driftsonde system, the exemplary science resulting from its use to date, and some future applications

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“…The passive microwave (PMW) imager channels onboard low earth orbiting (LEO) satellites observe radiances from both the Earth's surface and cloud emissions as well as scattering by ice particles associated with intense convection (eyewall and rainbands). The large brightness temperature (T B ) depressions caused by ice scattering at 85-91 GHz (40-60 K) provides excellent all-weather views of storm rainband organization and inner core structure that is highly correlated with storm intensity [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, convective clouds associated with TCs have many frozen hydrometeors above the freezing level (~4500 m) and they scatter the energy in the 85-91 GHz channels, thus depressing the signal received by the LEO PMW sensor above. The observed T B depression is a function of the number and size of the frozen hydrometeors; thus, intense convection that reaches higher altitudes (eyewall and intense rainband convection) is readily monitored by PMW sensors [3][4][5]10]. Since the PMW high frequency channel at horizontal polarization can depict better TC horizontal structures due to a high sensitivity of surface emissivity at H-polarization, the H-polarization high frequency channel is normally applied for monitoring TC life cycle [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NASA Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) provided high resolution imagery and derived products for nearly a decade before failing in 2011. By combining these sensors, we typically have an observation every 3-5 hours during a TC's lifecycle [5]. However, there is a critical issue with this approach, i.e., the high frequency channel (i.e., 85-91 GHz) varies from one series of sensors to another, which leads to inconsistencies in T B fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Improved NRL Tropical Cyclone Monitoring System with a Unified Microwave Brightness Temperature Calibration Scheme

2014

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Abstract:The near real-time NRL global tropical cyclone (TC) monitoring system based on multiple satellite passive microwave (PMW) sensors is improved with a new inter-sensor calibration scheme to correct the biases caused by differences in these sensor's high frequency channels. Since the PMW sensor 89 GHz channel is used in multiple current and near future operational and research satellites, a unified scheme to calibrate all satellite PMW sensor's ice scattering channels to a common 89 GHz is created so that their brightness temperatures (T B s) will be consistent and permit more accurate manual and automated analyses. In order to develop a physically consistent calibration scheme, cloud resolving model simulations of a squall line system over the west Pacific coast and hurricane Bonnie in the Atlantic Ocean are applied to simulate the views from different PMW sensors. To clarify the complicated T B biases due to the competing nature of scattering and emission effects, a four-cloud based calibration scheme is developed (rain, non-rain, light rain, and cloudy). This new physically consistent inter-sensor calibration scheme is then evaluated with the synthetic T B s of hurricane Bonnie and a squall line as well as observed TCs. Results demonstrate the large T B biases up to 13 K for heavy rain situations before calibration between TMI and AMSR-E are reduced to less than 3 K after calibration. The comparison stats show that the overall bias and RMSE are reduced by 74% and 66% for hurricane Bonnie, and 98% and 85% for squall lines, respectively. For the observed hurricane Igor, the bias and RMSE decrease 41% and 25% respectively. This study demonstrates the importance of T B calibrations between PMW sensors in order to systematically monitor the global TC life cycles in terms of intensity, inner core structure

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Supporting Meteorological Field Experiment Missions and Postmission Analysis with Satellite Digital Data and Products

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

The Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-Systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) Experiment: Scientific Basis, New Analysis Tools, and Some First Results

The Pre-Depression Investigation of Cloud-Systems in the Tropics (PREDICT) Experiment: Scientific Basis, New Analysis Tools, and Some First Results

Driftsondes: Providing In Situ Long-Duration Dropsonde Observations over Remote Regions

The Improved NRL Tropical Cyclone Monitoring System with a Unified Microwave Brightness Temperature Calibration Scheme

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