Supporting Indirect Collaborative Design With Integrated Knowledge-Based Design Environments

Domain Modelling for Interactive Systems Design

1998

Self Cite

We live in a world characterized by evolution -that is, by ongoing processes of development, formation, and growth in both natural and human-created systems. Biology tells us that complex, natural systems are not created all at once but must instead evolve over time. We are becoming increasingly aware that evolutionary processes are ubiquitous and critical for technological innovations as well. This is particularly true for complex software systems because these systems do not necessarily exist in a technological context alone but instead are embedded within dynamic human organizations.The Center for LifeLong Learning and Design (L 3 D) at the University of Colorado has been involved in research on software design and other design domains for more than a decade. We understand software design as an evolutionary process in which system requirements and functionality are determined through an iterative process of collaboration among multiple stakeholders, rather than being completely specified before system development occurs. Our research focuses on the following claims about software systems embedded within dynamic human organizations: (1) they must evolve because they cannot be completely designed prior to use, (2) they must evolve to some extent at the hands of the users, and (3) they must be designed for evolution.Our theoretical work builds upon our existing knowledge of design processes and focuses on a software process model and architecture specifically for systems that must evolve. Our theories are instantiated and assessed through the development and evolution of domain-oriented design environments (DODEs) -software systems that support design activities within particular domains and that are built specifically to evolve.

Section: Collaboration and Communication Between Stakeholders As Facimentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeding, Evolutionary Growth and Reseeding: Constructing, Capturing and Evolving Knowledge in Domain-Oriented Design Environments

Domain Modelling for Interactive Systems Design

1998

Self Cite

“…In addition to supporting individual designers to design, DODEs support long-term indirect collaboration between designers [5]. Long-term collaboration is required in the design of complex and evolving artifacts, which are maintained and modified over a span of years.…”

Section: Two Levels Of Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supporting the evolution of design artifacts with representations of context and intent

Proceedings of the Conference on Designing Interactive Systems Processes, Practices, Methods, &Amp; Techniques - DIS '95

Nakakoji

Ostwald

1995

Self Cite

The design of complex artifacts is essentially an evolutionary process that requires collaboration among stakeholders. Domain-oriented design environments (DODEs) support the evolution of artifacts both by individual designers and by designers participating in longterm, indirect collaboration. DODEs provide representations for generic and specific levels of context. This context supports individual designers by making the information space relevant to the current design intent, and longterm collaboration among designers by allowing them to ground their communication around design artifacts. We demonstrate our approach using the KID (Knowing-inDesign) system, articulate principles for representations of context and intent, and discuss various approaches to represent intent and context in design environments. KEYWORDS: domain-oriented design environments, shared context, explicit representations for intent, communication of intent, evolution of design artifacts, knowledge-based information delivery, long-term indirect collaboration

“…Experiments [39] showed that users often invoked the critic too late, after a ACM Transactions on Information Systems, VoL 19 …”

Section: Framer-extending Construction Kits To Design Environments Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These changing environments require design environments that designers can adapt to fit unanticipated needs. Initial domain knowledge in our design environments is represented in seeds [19]. The seeds consist of objects in the palette, examples in a catalog, critics and argumentation.…”

Section: Modifier-making Critics User-extensiblementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The role of critiquing in cooperative problem solving

Lemke

Mastaglio

et al. 1991

ACM Trans. Inf. Syst.

Self Cite

121

Cooperative problem-solving systems help users design solutions themselves as opposed to having solutions designed for them. Critiquing-presenting a reasoned opinion about a user's product or action-is a major activity of a cooperative problem-solving system. Critics make the constructed artifact "talk back" to the user. Conditions under which critics are more appropriate than autonomous expert systems are discussed. Critics should be embedded in integrated design environments along with other components, such as an argumentative hypertext system, a specification component, and a catalog. Critics support learning as a by-product of problem solving. The major subprocesses of critiquing are goal acquisition, product analysis, critiquing strategies, adaptation capability, explanation and argumentation, and advisory capability. The generality of the critiquing approach is demonstrated by discussing critiquing systems developed in our group and elsewhere. Limitations of many current critics include their inability to learn about specific user goals and their intervention strategies.